National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet

NP8

Form

KHOO-*

(MB)

OM0

Appmftl

NO.

102+0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

National

Register

of

Historic

Places

Continuation

Sheet

Section

number

SUPPLEMENTARY

LISTING

RECORD

NRIS

Reference

Number:

91000355

Date

Great Falls

Northside

Residential Historic

Listed:

4/1/91

District

Property

Name

Cascade MT

County

State

N/A

Multiple

Name

Register

This

property

is

listed

in

the

National

Places

in

accordance

with

the

attached

nomination

subject

to

the

following

exceptions,

notwithstanding

the

National

Park

Service

in

the

nomination

documentation.

exclusions

of

Historic

documentat

ion

,

or

amendments,

certification

included

h

f

L

Signature

of

the

Keeper

Amended

Items

in

Nomination;

Statement

of

Significance:

The

Period

of

S

to

read

1885-1945.

Criteria

Consideration

Date

of

Action

ignificance

is

amended

JG

is

removed.

This

information

was

confirmed

with

Patti

Borneman

of

the

Montana

State

Historic

Preservation

Office.

DISTRIBUTION:

National

Register

property

file

Nominating

Authority

(without

nomination

attachment)

NFS

Form

10-900

(Rev.

8-86)

OMB

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

REGISTRATION FORM

NATIONAL

REGISTER

1.

Name

of

Property

historic

name:

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

other

name/site

number:

——————————————————————————————————————————————————i———

2.

Location

street

&

number:

200-900

blocks

on

4th

Avenue

North

100-900

blocks

on

3rd

Avenue

North

500-900

blocks

on

2nd

Avenue

North

city/town:

Great

Falls

state:

Montana

code:

MT

county:

Cascade

code:

013

zip

code:

59401

not

for

publication:

n/a

vicinity:

n/a

3.

Classification

Ownership

of

Property:

private,

public

sponsored

by

the

Great

Falls

Certified

Local

Government

Commission

with

funding assistance

from

the

State

Historic

Preservation

Office.

Reconnaissance

survey

completed

by

the

SHPO

staff

in

1987

indicates

that

additional

inventory

efforts

in

the

Northside

neighborhood

will

likely

result

in

the future expansion

to

the

north

and

east

of

this

proposed

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

boundary.

11.

Form

Prepared

By

Name/Title:

Candi Helms

Organization:

Consultant

on

Contract

Date:

August

1990

Street

&

Number:

435

Ryman

Telephone:

406/523-4650

City

or

Town:

Missoula

State:

Montana

Zip:

59802

NPS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

(8-86)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

7

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

1

One

school

lying

within

the

district

area

is

the

Ajrt

Deco

style

Whittier

School,

built

at

Eighth

Street

and

Third

Avenue

North

in 1939.

Constructed

of

brick,

the

building's features

include Flemish

bond

pilasters,

brick

dentil

work,

and

decorative

wall

sconces.

Several

apartment

buildings

constructed

from

the

1910s

to

1920s

to

accommodate

the

needs

of

a

growing

community

are

scattered

throughout

thje

district. The

1917

Blackstone

Apartments,

found

at

the

west

end,

is

an

excellent

example

of

Spanish Colonial

Revival

styling,

featuring

a

central

courtyard,

decorative

terra

cotta

shields

stucco

exterior,

and

parapeted

roof.

The

1915

Vandervoort

Apartments,

1928

Fonk,

1922

Pennsylvania

and

1916

Clark

Apartments

are

also

found

at

the

west

end

of

the

district.

These

apartments

along

with

the

1914

Maxine,

1927

Gies,

1917

Geraldine,

1917

Lexington,

1928

Toy,

1929

Dearborn,

1928

Curry

Apartments,

which

are

located

in

the

central

area

of

the

district,

share

the

common

characteristics

identifying

the

buildings

as

the

Prairie

style.

On the

east

side

of

the

district,

historic

apartments

include

the

1913

Prairie

sjtyle

Jensen

Apartments.

Features

of

the

brick

buildings

include

polychrome

accents,

stepped

parapets,

and

entrance

colonnades.

The

1893

Linden

Terrace,

Great

Falls'

earliest

apartment

building,

also

is

located

in

the

central

area.

The

distinct

design

features

of

the

brick

Queen

Anne townhouse

include

seven

projecting

bays,

corbelled

cornice,

and

transomed

windows.

The

greatest

concentration

of

older

houses

is

situated

at

the

north

side

of

the

district

on

each

side

of

Fourth

Avenue

North.

This

area

still

retains

most

of its

historic

character,

with

the

exception

of

two

apartment

buildings

built

in

1962

on

Fifth

Street.

This

portion

of

the

district

is

exemplified

by

buildings

displaying

variations

of

Queen

Anne,

Prairie,

Bungalow,

Tudor,

Colonial

Revival,

and

Second

Empire

styles.

Among

the

buildings

of

the

area

are

some

of

the

largest

single-family

dwellings

of

the

district.

The

medium

to

small

single-family

and

multi-family!

residences

illustrating

varieties

of

architectural

forms

and

styles

are

located

on

the

east

and

south

side

of

the

district.

Near

the

east

end,

most

of

the

buildings

are

smaller

in

size

and

were

generally

constructed

during

the

mid-1910s

and

1930s,

with

post-19J30s

buildings

scattered

throughout.

Typical

architectural

styles

include

elements

of

Bungalow,

Prairie,

Colonial,

Revival

and

Queen

Anne

styles.

On

the

district's

south

side,

residential

buildings

are

generally

of

medium

size,

constructed

from

the

early

1900s

to

1930s,

with

the

exception

of

a

few

isolated

1890s

buildings.

Queen

Anne,

Prairie,

Bungalow

and

Colonial

Revival

elements

predominate

in

this

area.

The

buildings

of

monumental

or

unusual

stylistic

proportions

include

Spanish

Mission

Revival,

Queen

Anne

and

Colonial

Revival

buildirigs

located

on

Park

Drive

at

Third

Avenue

North

and

Fifth

Street

and

along

Fourth

Avenue

Ncjrth.

The

majority

of

buildings

in

the

district

area

constructed

from

the

1880s

until

1940

still

retain

their

integrity.

86%

of

the

buildings

were

constructed

during

this time

period.

The

28

buildings

constructed

after

that

time,

dispersed throughout

the

district

consist

mostly

of

two-

to

four-story

modern

apartment

buildings,

residences,

and

some

commercial

properties.

The

general

appearance

of

the

district

is

predominated

by

multi-family

and

single-

family

dwellings.

The

majority

of

these

residences

are

occupied

by

the

property

owners.

Several

of

the

originally

single-family

dwellings

have

been

remodeled

into

multi-family

units,

but,

for

the most

part,

the

exteriors

of

the

buildings

remain

unchanged.

The

residential area

is

cohesively

united

by

the

large

boulevards

on

each

side

of

the

street,

the

large

shade

trees

and

setbacks

held

in

common.

Most

of

the

properties

have

attached

garages

or

associated

outbuildings

located

near

the alleyways.

Fifty-four

percent

of

these

buildings

add to

the

district's

historic

character

and

provide

a

strong

feeling

of

association

with

the

period

of

significance.

Fifty-eight

percent

of

the

garages

and

associated

outbuildings

were

constructed

between

1901

and

1940;

one

garage

was

constructed

before

1900.

Generally, the

condition

of

these

buildings

is

good.

Some

of

the

non-contributing

associated

buildings were

built prior

to

1940,

but

most

classified

as

non-contributing

were

constructed

within

the

last

thirty

years.

NFS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

(8-86)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

ial

Historic

District

Page

2

Section

number

7

Great

Falls

Northside

Residentil

Historic

District

The

evaluation

of

properties

as

primary,

contributing

and

non-contributing

was

based

on

the

buildings'

association with

the

period

of

significance,

1885

to

1945.

The

historic

property

owners,

community

development

and

stylistic

attributes

characterize

the

period

and

retain

architectural

integrity.

Twenty-nine percent

of

the

buildings

(not

including

attached garages

or

associated

buildings)

are

considered

primary

in

status.

Forty-four percent

contribute

to

the

district

and,

when

combined

with primary

buildings,

it

can

be

concluded

that

the

neighborhood

mostly

retains

architectural

integrity,

style,

scale and

function

and

that

it

has not

drastically

changed

since

1940.

Non-contributing

buildings

were

defined

as

those

constructed

after

the

period

of

significance

or

those experiencing

a

substantial

loss

of

integrity.

The

percentage

of

non-contributing

buildings

(including

garages

and

associated

outbuildings)

is

27%.

The

percentage

of

non-contributing

buildings

(excluding

garages

and

outbuildings)

is

less

than

20%.

The

major

buildings

identified

as

non-contributini

at

the

eastern

end

of

the

district

are

the

1949

Wells

Motel,

a

stuccoed

one-story

building;

the

1951

Talcott

Apartments,

a

two-story

stuccoed

building;

and

the

1955

Sutherland

Apartments,

a

three-

story

brick

veneer

building.

These

buildings

and

others

that

are

close

to

the end

of

the

historic

period

should

be

re-evaluated

in

the

future to

determine historic

significance.

In

the

south-central

area

of

the

district,

the

non-contributing

buildings

are

the

1962

four-story

brick

Midtown

Motel,

one

of

the

largest

buildings

in

the

district with

the

exception

of

the

courthouse;

the

1977

one-story

Hoyt

Law

Office;

the

1966

one-story

Keller

Optometrist

Complex;

and

the

one-story brick

veneer

Firsst

Interstate

Bank.

The

1960

four-story

brick

Glacier

Apartments,

the

1965

three-story

brick

veneer

Ponderosa

Apartments,

1963

two-story brick

veneer

Juniper

Apartments

and

1947

one-story

Sturrock

Apartment

are

non-contributing

buildings

located

across

from

the

First Interstate

Bank.

Non-contributing

structures

in

the

west

end

include

the

1960

one-story

paneled

Chicago

Title

Insurance

Co.

of

Idaho

building,

the

1964

one-story

brick

and

stone veneer

Providence

Center,

the

1952

two-story brick

veneer Knight

Condominiums,

the

1959

three-

story

Yellowstone

Apartments,

the

1962

four-story

brick veneer

Bitterroot

Apartments,

and

the

1986

brick

Valeria

Townhouses.

The

Valeria,

although

of

recent

construction,

and

a

number

of

historic

buildings

were

demolished

to

clear

the

lots

upon

which

it

was

built,

is a

prime example

of

new

construction

compatible

with

a

historic

district.

Height,

setbacks,

usage

and style were

sensitively

treated

in

the

building

of

the

townhouses.

They

display elements

of

design

similar

to

the

Queen

Anne

style

buildings

already

existing

in

the

surrounding

neighborhood.

The

majority

of

non-contributing

apartment

buildings,

although sometimes

larger

in

scale,

do

not

severely

detract

from the

historic

character

of

the

district

because

of

their

continued

use

as

multiple

dwellings,

proximity

in

age

to

the

historic

period,

and

materials

and

design

which

are

common

to

buildings

in

the

district.

The

more

recent

commercial buildings

do

detract

firom

the

district

because

their

usage

does

not

complement

the

residential

area.

However,

most

of

these

buildings

lie

in

the

proximity

of

the commercial

district

and

courthouse

and can

be

associated with

development

in

conjunction

with

those

areas.

The

various

styles

of

historic residences

within

the

district

include

Transitional

Queen

Anne/Colonial

or

Classical

Revival,

Prairie,

Bungalow,

Vernacular, Pattern-Book,

Spanish

Mission

Revival,

Second

Empire,

Queen

Anne,

Tudor,

Four

Square,

Colonial

Revival,

Classical

Revival,

Romanesque

Revival,

French

Renaissance,

English

Gothic

Revival,

Stick,

Moderne,

Ranch,

Cape

Cod,

and

Art

Deco.

Transitional Queen

Anne

Colonial

Revival

primary

buildings

include,

but are

not

limited

to,

the Fred

G.

Johnson

house

at

309

Second

Street

North,

and

the

S.

R.

Jensen

house

at

207

Third

Avenue

North.

The

Johnson

residence,

built

in

1910,

shares

the

same

construction

date

as

the

Jensen

house

(a

close

friend,

relative

by

marriage,

and

business

associate

of

Johnson's)

and

nearly

mirrors

the

design

ahd

detailing

of

that

building.

Both

are

constructed

of

smooth-finished,

tan

stretcher-bond

brick.

Massive

chimneys with

NPS

Form

10-900-a

(8-8B)

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-O018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

7

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

3

elaborate

corbelled

tops

and

banding

adorn

each

building.

The

Johnson

house

has

a

balustraded

porch

that

extends

from

a

double

projecting

bay

around

the

south

side

of

the

house.

The

Jensen

house

has

a

portico

located

in

the south-east

corner

of

the

building,

extending

across

one-half

of

the

facade.

One

of

five

prinary outbuildings

in

the

historic

district

is

a

carriage

house/garage

associated

with

the

Johnson

house.

Constructed

of

the

same

materials,

the

building

has

the

same

gable

roof

and

corbelled

eaves.

The

frieze

appears

as

a

wide

band,

ornamented

with

details.

Both

of

the houses

could

be

considered

the

best

examples

of

the

style

and

strongly

anchor the

west

end

of

the

district.

Other

features

of

primary

buildings

in

the

Transitional

Queen

Anne

Colonial

Revival

style

include

irregular

floor

plans,

clapboarded

walls,

steeply

gabled

roofs,

hipped

roofs,

columned

porches

with

ornate

or

plain

friezes,

gabled

dormers

and

modi11ions

or

denticulation

of

the cornice

line.

The

Prairie

style

of

architecture

is

widespread throughout

the

district

and

is

seen

in

public

and

religious

buildings

and

apartment

buildings.

Several

of

the

apartment

buildings

constructed

in

the

late

1910s

to

1920s

and

using

this

style

include

the

1916

Clark,

212-214

Fourth Avenue

North;

1928

Fonk,

520

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1913

Jensen,

803-

807

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1927 Gies,

310

Fifth

Street

North;

1928

Toy,

517

Third

Avenue

North;

1917

Geraldine,

706

Third

Avenue

North;

1929

Dearborn,

121

Ninth

Street

North;

1912

Zenith

Flats,

116-120

Seventh

Street

North

and

1917

Lexington,

802

Second

Avenue

North.

Almost

all

of

these

buildings,

constructed

of brick,

have

stepped

parapet

fronts and/or

sides,

and

polychrome

accents,

including

quoins,

sills,

lintels,

and

belt

courses.

Other

accents

may

include

header

and

stretcher

courses

along

the

roof

line,

diamond

shaped

insets

along the

frieze,

terra

cotta

decorations,

and

spandrels

between

the

windows.

The

1936

Heisey

Memorial

Youth

Center,

originally

owned by

the

Diocese

of

Great

Falls,

shares

the

Prairie

characteristics

found

in

the

apartments.

Polychrome

relieving

arches

on

the second

floor

and

polychrome

soldier lintels

on

the

first

floor

distinctively

outline

windows

and

entry

ways.

Another

building

originally

owned

by

the

Diocese,

St.

Anne's

Rectory,

differs

in

that

the

building

is

constructed

of

sandstone.

The

parapet

is

extended,

ornamented

with

a

stone cross

at

the

peak

and

stone

points

along

the

curve.

A

stepped

solid

balustrade

above

the

portico

forms

a

balcony.

The

arched

recessed

doorway

and

gable end

window

have

arched

heads

and

keystones.

The

1910

First

Congregational

Church,

also

constructed

of

sandstone,

has

elements

of

the

Gothic

Revival

style

characterized

by the arched

doorways,

windows,

and

large

tower

that

is

prominently

situated

at

the

front

of

the

building.

A

common

architectural

style

often

having

elements

of

Prairie

in its

design

is

the

Bungalow

style.

Bungalows

are

everywhere

in

the

district

and

are

often

associated

with

the

community's

"working

class."

Primary Bungalow

examples

are

the

1911

Chamberlain

house,

414

Fourth

Avenue

North;

the

1908

Walker

house,

517

Fourth

Avenue

North;

the

1913

Durnin

house,

722

Fourth

Avenue

North;

the

1911

McCulloh

house,

216

Third

Avenue

North;

the

1917

Brady

house,

308-310

Eighth

Street

North;

the

1911

Stimpert/Thisted

house,

806

Third

Avenue

North;

and

the

1911

A.

D.

Robinson

house, 917

Second

Avenue

North.

All

of

these

buildings

display

characteristics

of

the

Craftsman

Bungalow

style,

yet

each

is

visually

unique.

The

Chamberlain

house,

featuring

characteristics

of

Classical

Revival,

has

a

screened

porch

with

square

columns

at

the

corners

and

clapboarded

walls.

The

Walker

house,

also

clapboarded,

has

four

hipped

dormers that

intersect

at

the

apex.

A

perpendicularly placed

gabled

dormer

distinguishes

the

Durnin

house,

which

also

has

brackets

beneath

carved

finials

at

the

ridge

line.

The

McCulloh

house,

constructed

of

brick

veneer

with

lighter

polychrome

details,

has

a

hippejd

roof

that

in

definition

resembles

the

Prairie

influence.

Boxed

eaves

projecting

from

the

walls

are

above

a

polychrome

band

in

the

frieze

area.

A

raised

belt

course

of

light

brick

forms

the

base

of

the

second story

windows.

The

Brady

house,

adjacent

to

a

mirror

house

that

has

been

greatly

modified

over

the

years,

is

a

large

Bungalow

designed

originally

as

a

multi-family

residence.

The use

remains

unchanged,

as

does

much

of

the

exterior.

The

wails

on

the

first

floor

are

clapboarded,

but the

second

floor

has

been

stuccoed.

Eyeprow

dormers

project

from

the

pyramidal

hipped

roof

and

double

brackets

are

found

at

the

eaves.

As

in

most

of

the

Bungalows

in

the

historic

district,

the

rafters

are

exposbd.

NPS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

(8-86)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

7

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

4

The

Thisted

house

is

probably

the

best

example

of

the

most

commonly

constructed

Bungalow

style.

The

building's

sides

are

clapboarded;

the

exposed

rafters

project

above

gable

ends

that

are

finished

and

covered

with

fish

scale

and

dragon's

teeth

shingles.

The

typical

full-front

shed

roofed porch

has

solid

partial

sides

and

square

columns

and

holds

a

porch

swing.

Small

leaded

diamond-shaped

windows

adorn

the

upper

gable

ends.

The

Robinson

house

is

an

irregularly

shaped residence

having

a

combination

of

gable,

hip

and

hipped

dormer

roof.

The

full

front

porch

is

open

and

has

square

railings,

posts

and

curved

brackets

beneath

the

frieze.

Only

one

vernacular

building

in

the

district

is

designated

as

a

primary

element;

however,

several

others

are

contributing.

The

1895

Klepetko

house,

210

Fourth Avenue

North,

is

somewhat

dilapidated,

yet

retains

its

architectural

integrity.

The

building

is

clapboarded

and

has

asymmetrical

gable

slopes.

A

solid

wood

belt

course

with

shingled

belt

courses

above

line

the

second

floor

level.

The

fenestration

has

plain

architraves

and

cornices.

There

are

several

primary

examples

of

the

commonly

used

plans

for

Colonial

Revival

and

Queen

Anne

cottages

that

often

come

from

"pattern

books"

and

builders

manuals.

One

of

the

earliest

buildings

of

the

Queen

Anne

style

is

the

1893

Phil

Gibson

house,

317

Fourth

Avenue

North.

The

Colonial

Revival

cottage

style

examples

are

the

1898

Curry

house,

906

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1903

Kelly

house,

200

Third

Avenue

North;

and

the

1913

Shanley

house,

916

Third

Avenue

North,

which

share

several

of

the

same or

similar

architectural

characteristics.

Most

have

gable

roofs

with

return

gable

ends,

sometimes

partially

enclosed.

Hip

porches

generally

extend

across

a

portion

of

the

building;

some have

recently

been

enclosed.

Gabled

dormers

and

a

central

corbelled

chimney

are

generally

present.

Two

1908

mirror

Duncan

houses

at

712

and

714

Second

Avenue

North

display

many

of

these

characteristic

features

and,

in

addition,

have

shed-roofed,

full-front

porches

with

gabled

pediments

over

the

entry.

One

of

the

least

utilized

styles

of

architecture

in

the

district

is

exemplified

by

the

Spanish

Mission

Revival

style.

The

1909

Adams

house,

117

Third

Avenue

North,

spectacularly

displays

stuccoed

walls,

red

terra

cotta

tile

roof

with

curvilinear

side

parapets,

French

doors

and

decorated

iron

balconies,

pents

and

brackets.

The

building

anchors

the

district'

s

west

end

as

a

primary

element

in

the

district

and

is

one

of

Great

Falls'

most

impressive

structures.

Another

west-end

anchor,

the

1917

Blackstone

Apartments,

314

Third

Street

North,

reflects

elements

of

the

Mission

Revival

style.

Probably

considered

the

community's

most

elaborate

apartment

housing,

the

Blackstone

is

basically

a

U-shaped,

symmetrical,

brick

veneer

and

stucco

building

with

a

large

central

courtyard.

Brick

details

include

sills

and

lintels,

decorative

belt

courses

of

both

headers

and

stretchers

at

the

water

table,

and

first

and

second

floor

levels.

Shield-like

terra

cotta

crests

ornament

the

projecting

corner

battlements

of

the

side

wings

and

recessed

bay.

Iron

railings

enclose

some

windows

as

well

as

the central

courtyard.

The

reported

oldest

house

in

the

district,

constructed

ca.

1885,

is

also

the

only

primary

Second

Empire

style

building

in

the

district.

This

southwest

district

anchor

is

the

W.

Roberts

house

at

811

Fourth

Avenue

North.

The

mansard

roof

with

flared

eaves

is

pierced

by

gabled

dormers.

An

iron

cresting

extends

around the

roof.

The

eaves

have

a

plain

frieze

and

corbels.

The

front

porch

is

full-

and

rialf-hipped

with

spools

beneath

the

frieze,

decorative

brackets,

and

a

railing

with

spool

balusters.

Primary

examples

of

Queen

Anne

style

architecture

are

limited

to

two buildings

in

the district.

Remodeling

has

changed

the

appearance

of

many

of

the

early

Queen

Anne

style

buildings.

The

1900

two-story

Armstrong

house,

813

Fourth

Avenue

North,

has

elaborate

intersecting

gables

in

a

basic

hip

roof.

The

gable

ends

of

the

main

roof

have

fan

lights

and

molded

frieze

boards. The

full

porch,

covered

by

a

shed roof

and

gabled

entry,

is

supported

on

turned

posts,

has

decorative

arches

and

paneled

inserts.

Buildings

of

the

English

Tudor

Revival

Style

are

evident

and

generally

have

elements

of

other

styles

combined

in

primary

structures

located

in

the

district

area.

The

1907

Guthrie

house,

520

Third

Avenue

North,

is

typical

and

is

characterized

by

gabled

bays

and

dormers,

oriels,

groups

of

casement

windows,

polychromed

brick

and

detailed

timbering

with

stucco

infill.

The

gables, the

focal

points

of

the

house,

are

filled

with

raised

terra

NPS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

(8-88)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

7

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

5

cotta

shields

and

a

square

grid

of

timbering.

The

dormej:

features

an

enclosed

end

with

a

wreath

design

and

a

fixed stained-glass

window.

Corbellod

brick

work

and

polychrome

quoin

detailing

ornament

the

structure.

The

1917

Brady

house,

725

Third

Avenue

North,

is

characterized

by

the

same

elements

seen

in

the

Guthrie

house.

Timbered

gable

ends

with

stucco

infill and

polychromed

veneer

brick

define

the

building's

Tudor

influence.

Two

structures built

by

C.

O.

Jarl

in

1911

and

located

next to

each

other

also

contain

the

same

elements.

The

building

at

625

Third

Avenue

North,

however,

also

shows

the

influence

of

the

Prairie

style.

This

building

has

exposed

massive

brackets

and

corbelled

rafters

supporting

the

gable

roof,

an

excellent

representation

of

Prairie

style.

Of

all

the

Tudor

Revival

buildings,

the

1908

Ford-Bovey

house

is

the

most

impressive.

Located

at

401

Fourth

Avenue

North,

this

primary

anchor

that

has

been

recently

nominated

to

the

National

Register

is a

combination

of

Tudor

and

Queen

Anne

features.

The

roof

is

pyramidal

hipped

with

dormers

and

has

projecting gabled

bays.

Gables

are

timber

and

stucco,

infilled

with

round

wood

tpacery

windows.

The

building,

constructed

of

sandstone

on

an

irregular

plan,

has

a

Queen Anne

style

massive

wrap-around

porch

topped

by

a

concave,

flared

roof

with

flat

top.

A

garage

and

pigeon

house

to the

rear

were

constructed

around

the

same

time

as

the

house.

Both

are

primary

buildings.

The

oldest

remaining

brick

townhouse

in

Great

Falls,

the

1893

Linden

Terrace,

has

characteristics

of

the

Queen

Anne

style

townhouse,

and

additionally

contains

elements

of

the

American

Federalist

style.

Walls

are

stretcher

bond

brick,

forming

curved

double

bays

at

either

end

and

a

slightly

projecting

central

bay.

Sandstone

is

rusticated

and

utilized

as

window

sills

and

foundation.

The

roof

has

a

corbelled

cornice

and the

frieze

is

decorated

with

raised

rectangular

panels

outlined

in

stretchers.

The

building

suffers

deterioration

of

the

brick-work

but

still

retains

a

high

degree

of

integrity.

Although

none

of

the

Four

Square

style

buildings

located

in

the

district

are

considered

primary

buildings,

they

are

considered

to

be

contributing.

The

1908

Barnes,

216

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1914

McCann

Apartments,

524

Fourth

Avenue;

and

1909

Hartman

House,

925

Third

Avenue

North,

were

constructed

in

the

basic

Four

Square

plan,

with

hipped

roofs

and

extended

eaves.

Porches

are

either

full

open

or

enclosed.

Primary

examples

of

Colonial

Revival

buildings

are

plentiful

in

the

district.

The

buildings,

serving

as

excellent

representatives

of

the

style,

include

the

Hubbard/Roberts

house,

310

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1900

Warden

house,

500

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1911

Floweree

house,

825

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1899

Stephens

house,

915

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1908

Jenks

house, 524

Third

Avenue

North;

and the

1902

Donlin

house,

724

Third

Avenue

North.

Sharing

similar

Colonial

traits,

these

buildings

are

generally

symmetrically

fenestrated,

with

central

entries

pedimented

with

fan

lights,

palladian

or

diamond-shaped windows

in

the

gables

and

clapboarded

sides.

The

Floweree

house

differs

from

the

others

in

that

it

is

a

brick

masonry

building

with

parapeted

gables

extending

through

the

roof.

The

building

is

situated

in

a

maturely

landscaped

and

spacious

yard.

The

Jenks

house,

524

Third

Avenue

North,

a

monumentally

proportioned,

two-story

Colonial

building

anchoring

the

west

end,

has

an

extremely

large

two-story

pedimented

portico

supported

by

fluted

Ionic

columns.

The

tympanum

has

a

fanlight,

modillions

supporting

the eaves

and

a

comical

entry

with

side-lights

and

curvilinear

leaded

tracery.

A

few

primary

buildings

in

the

district

commonly

reflect

attributes

associated

with

the

Classical

Revival

style.

These

buildings

are

clapboarded,

have

hipped

or

gabled

roofs

and

gabled

dormers,

windows

with

molded

architecture

and

cornices,

leaded

windows

and

full

to

two-thirds

wrap

balustraded

porches

supported

by

square

or

round

Tuscan

columns.

The

structures

sharing

these

characteristics

include the

1905

Abe

Kaufman

house,

617

Fourth

Avenue

North;

1902

Rubottom

house,

924

Third

Avenue

North; 1908

Quigley

house,

709

Fourth

Avenue

North

and

1902

Vogel

House,

701

Second

Avenue

North.

Both

the

Kaufman

and

Rubottom

house

contain

dormers

differing

from the

others

because

of

pointed

arched

upper

windows

with

tracery

in

the

dormers.

The

1922

Sacred

Heart

Convent,

920

Fourth

Avenue

North,

a

west

end

anchor,

is

a

later

example

of

the

Classical

Revival

Eclectic

style

of

architecture.

The

building,

also

featuring

Gothic

and

Roman

elements,

is

of

frame

construction

with

red

brick

veneer

and

brick

detailing

stretcher

belts

on

the

first

floor

and

second

floor

levels.

Windows

on

the

second

floor

have

flat

shouldered

arches;

windows

on

the

first

have

flat

arches

with

NFS

Form

10-900-a

(8-86)

OMB

Approval

No.

1034-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

7

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

6

concrete

keystones

and

sills.

A

gable

above

a

projecting bay

contains

a

cross

and

shield

emblem.

A

lyre

emblem

adorns

the northeast

corner.

Located

near

the

center

of

the

district

are

two

very prominent architectural

monuments to the

local

government.

One,

the

1901-1903

Cascade

County

Courthouse,

a

stone

building

in

the

French

Renaissance

style

of

architecture,

was

nominated

to

the

National

Register

in

1980.

Its

counterpart,

the

1913

County

Jail,

is

situated

directly

across

the

street

at

326

Third

Avenue

North.

Also

constructed

of

sandstone,

the

building

reflects

the

Romanesque

Revival

style.

The

flat

roof

covers

a

projecting

cornice

and

entablature.

The

central

pedimented

entry

is

adorned

with

a

keystone

carved

"C."

Windows

in

the

second

story

have

arched

upper

sashes

and

are

arcaded

with

keystones

extending

into

the

butt

of

raised

stonework

along

the

frieze.

Windows

on

the

east side

are

solid

glass

block

with

bars.

Both

buildings

anchor

the

south

central

area

of

the

district.

The

1906

Church

of

the

Incarnation,

another

stone

building

of

large

proportions,

is

found

at

600

Third

Avenue

North.

This

two-story

buttressed

primary

building

is

in

the

late

English

Gothic

Revival

style,

has

a

three-story

collegiate

type

tower

with

arched

windows

and

gabled

stone

porch

entrance. The

roof

is

parapeted

near

the

gable

ends,

which

are

ornamented

with

stone

modi11ions

below

the

eaves

and

stone

detailing

within

the

arched

insets.

The

most

impressive

religious

building

in

the

district

is

the

massive

1901-1907

St.

Anne's

Cathedral.

The

stone

building,

designed

in

the

Gothic

Revival

style

of

architecture

and

located

at

715

Third Avenue

North,

is

built

on

a

cruciform

plan with

turreted

bell

tower,

buttressing

and

rose

windows.

Windows

are

arched,

as

are

some

of

the

gables—one

of

which

contains

a

statue

of

the

Sacred

Heart

of

Jesus

in

Shrine.

The

interior

of

the

Cathedral, rich

in

decorative

elements

highlighted

with gold

paint,

retains

the

original

lamps

and

fixtures.

Stick,

an

uncommon

style

of

architecture

in

the

district,

is

well

represented

by

two

buildings.

The

1901

Bond/Speer

house,

at

609

Third

Avenue

North,

is

an

excellent

and

rare

example

of

Eastern

Stick

style.

The

primary

central

anchor

is

a

two-and-one-half-story

clapboarded

and

jerkin-roofed building with

two

gables

ornamented

in

stick

bracing

and

single

infills.

Open

porches

on

the

east and

southeast

sides

of

the

building

have

decorative

wood

railing.

A

pent

roof

extends

across

twc

front-

and

side-facing

bays.

The

second

Stick

style

house

is

a

Western

style

that

contributes

to

the

district.

The

1899

Downing

house,

213

Seventh

Street

North,

has

clapboarded

sides

trimmed

with

vertical

cornerboard

and

stick

detailing

in

the

gable

ends.

Within

the

district

are

several

buildings

constructed

during

the

1930s

to

1940s.

Most

of

the

buildings

are

either

contributing

or

non-contributing;

there

are

only

a

few

primary

examples.

The

1935

Ario

house,

609

Fourth Avenue

North,

is

a

small,

contributing

one-story

Ranch

style

residence

sided

in

shiplap

with

recessed

entry

and

a

Tudor

arched

doorway.

The

1935-1937

F.

Roberts

house,

almost

directly

across

from

the

Ario

house,

and

also

contributing,

is

a

Cape

Cod

style

with

a

steep

pitched gable

roof

pierced

by

two

dormers.

Other

1930s

buildings

include

the

contributing

Art

Deco

style

1939

Whittier

School,

located

at

305

Eighth

Street

North.

Constructed during

the

Public

Works

Administration

period,

the

building

was

built

of

American

bond

brick

on

an

asymmetrical

plan with

two

wings

to

the

north

and

south.

Decorative

wall

sconces

are

on

each

side

of

the

entry, and

Flemish

bond

and

pilasters

reach

in

front

of

the

second

story

windows.

The

elongated

windows

accentuate

the

Art

Deco

sense

of

verticality.

The

most

unique

1940s

building

present

in

the

district

is

the

1945

Miller

house

at

521

Fourth

Avenue

North.

It is

the

only

example

of

Moderns

and,

although constructed

in

1945,

primarily

contributes

to

the

district

because

of

its

unusual

construction.

The

one-

story

stuccoed

structure,

serving

as

a

duplex,

was

built

on

a

symmetrical

plan

which

is

accentuated

by

symmetrical

landscaping

and

walkway

placement.

Two

one-half

circular

bays

are

banded

with

five sets

of

windows,

giving

the

building

an

aesthetically

appealing

appearance.

The

architectural

integrity

of

the

historic

district

is

very

good.

Building

permits

reveal

that

most

of

the buildings

haven't

been

drastically altered

or

added

to

since

the

1940s.

Buildings

constructed

after

that

time

are few

arid

do

not

severely detract

from

the

NPS

Form

10-800-a

(WW)

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

7

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

7

cohesive

historic

sense

of

the

district.

Non-contributing

buildings,

usually

business

establishments

or

apartment

housing,

generally

are

constructed

in

a

modern

commercial

style

and

do

not

often

conflict

with

the common

district heights

and

setbacks.

NFS

Form

10-900-a

(8-86)

0MB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

1

Belt.

By

1881,

Gibson,

with

his

sons,

Theodore

and

Philip

in

the

state

as

well

as

a

well-known

promoter

of

the

wool

Gibson,

interested

in all

he

had

learned

of

the Great

Journals

of

Lewis

and

Clark,

was

attracted

by

the

area

during

falls.

Although

I

had

traveled

much

over

Northern

Montana

Missouri

River

and

the

Yellowstone

during

my

three

,

became

a

major

sheep

rancher

-producing

industry.

Falls

area

from

reading

the

his

three trips

to

the

and

the

country

between

the

years'

residence

in

Fort

Benton,

I

had never

seen

a

spot

as

attractive

as

this

one

and

that

appealed

to

me

as

an

ideal

site

for

a

city.

. . .

This

scenery,

composed

of

valleys

and

rivers,

flanked

by

smoothly

rounded table

lands,

farmed

a

picture never

to

be

forgotten.

I

had

looked

upon

this

scene

for

a

few

moments

only

when

I

said

to

myself,

here

I

will

found

a

city.

Gibson's

idea to

establish

a

city

matured

into

a

plan

funded

by the

financial

backing

of

James

J.

Hill,

a

successful

railroad

owner.

Hill,

a

friend

Gibson

knew

from

his

days

operating

the

Minneapolis

Cataract

Flour

Mill

and

North

Star

Woolen

Mill,

was

attracted

to

the concept

of

utilizing

the

water power

of

the

falls

and

the

"useful

minerals"

and

coal

of

the

region.

In

1882,

after

a

meeting

in

St.

Paul,

the

two

men

formed

a

partnership

to

purchase

the

needed

land.

In

pursuit

of

purchasing

the

property,

the

partners?

ran

into

the

rigid

parcel

acquisition

requirements

for

settling

public

domain.

Sale

of

160-acre

parcels,

sold

according

to

land

legislation,

required property

owners to

reside

upon

and

improve

the

land.

Hill

and

Gibson

avoided

the

restriction

by

utilizing

a

land

law,

revised

in

1872,

that

allowed

those

serving

in

the

military

over

ninety

days

the

right

to

any

federal

public

lands.

Land

could

be

"purchased"

by using

"soldier-homestead"

scrip,

a

loophole

Hill

and

Gibson

used

in

acquiring

thousands

of

acres and

water

rights.

Herbert

Percy

Rolfe,

a

Fort

Benton

surveyor,

and

Sun

River

rancher

Robert

Vaughn

aided

Gibson

in

the

platting

of

the

town

in 1883

and

the

formation

of

the

Gre*at

Falls

Water

Power

and

Townsite

Company.

With

much

sensitivity

to

planning,

the

city

wast

symmetrically

laid

out on the

standard

Cartesian

grid,

similar

to

that

of

Minneapolis.

From

the

beginning,

the

community was

planned with

residential

and

commercial

arcsas

and

rights

of

way.

A

few buildings,

previously

constructed

as

a

stage

stop

at

Sun

River,

in

an

area

south

of

the

river,

constituted

the

beginnings

of

a

town

that

preceded

Gibson's

planned

townsite.

Residents

on

the

south

side

anticipated

that

the

1881

Johnstown

plat,

named

after

John

Largent,

an

original

settler

of

the Sun

River

Valley,

would

grow

and

develop

rather

than

Gibson's

plat.

An

easily-accessed

ford

and,

eventually,

a

river

ferry

near

the

mouth

of

the

Sun

River

quickly

dispelled

the

Johnstovrners'

notions.

The

plat

sold

to

Gibson

in

1882;

Johnstown

was

slowly

consumed

by

the

expanding

city

of

Great

Falls.

As

the

rival

Johnstown

virtually

disappeared,

Gibscn

continued

with

his

townsite

enterprise.

When

he

platted

the

townsite

in

1883,

Gibson suggested

naming

the community

Hillton,

in

honor

of

his

friend

and

partner.

Hill

rejected

the

idea,

and

the

name

"Great

Falls"

was

chosen

instead.

In

the

fall

of

1884,

population

estimates

revealed

that

more

than

200

inhabitants

resided

in

the

townsite.

The

appearance

of

the

river's

rorth

side

took

on

an air

of

permanency,

marked

by

a

boarding

house, saloon,

meat

market,

general

store,

hardware

and

grocery,

stationery

and

confectionery

store,

hide and

junk

store,

blacksmith

shop,

brickyard

and

the

sawmill/lumberyard

operations

constructed

by

the

A.

M.

Holter

Lumber

Company.

The lumberyard,

constructed

in

1881

near

the

mouth

of

the Sun

River,

initially

served

the

building

industry

in

Fort

Benton.

It

was later

moved

north

of

the

river.

Bolter's

business

at

Second

Street

and

Fifth

Avenue

South

expanded

in

1884

to

include

a

lumberyard

and

planing

mill.

A

competing

lumber

company

opened

the

same

year

near

the

present

water

pumping

plant

site

close

to

Tenth

Avenue

squth.

Great

Falls

continued

to

grow.

By

the

spring

of

18^85,

the

first

major

industry

in

the

new

community

was

established.

Gibson's

former

business

associates

from

Minneapolis,

NFS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

2

A.

C.

Loring

and

Herbert

O.

Chowen,

constructed

the

Cataract

Mill,

identified

as

one

of

the

Northwest's

"best

equipped

mills."

The

mill,

the

first

business

to

harness

water

power

in

the

area,

operated

successfully

until

the

1890s,

when

Chowen

and

his

associates

sold

the

enterprise

due to

strong

competition

from

Minnesota

mills.

It

was

obvious

to

Gibson

and

other

Great

Falls

businessmen

that

a

reliable

transportation

system

was

necessary

to

promote

the

future

development

of

Great

Falls.

Great

Falls

-

1885-1900

James

J.

Hill

visited

the

city

in

June

of 1884

to

discuss

with

Gibson

plans

that

would

transform

Great

Falls

into

a

major

railhead.

Hill,

considering

the

benefits

of

the

nearby

water power

and

Sand Coulee

coal

fields,

presented

Gibson with

a

plan

to

link

Great

Falls

with

the

Red

River

Valley

via

the

St.

Paul,

Minneapolis

and

Manitoba

Railway.

In

addition

to the

Manitoba,

Hill

helped

to

finance

ventures

of

friends

and

business

associates

to link

Butte,

Helena

and

Great

Falls

by

way

of

the

Montana

Central

Railroad

spur

line.

The

construction

crew,

employing

over

8,000

men

and

using

7,000

horses,

completed

the

track by

1888,

a

year

following

the

arrival

of

the

Manitoba

at

Great

Falls.

Prior

to

1887

and

the

arrival

of

the

railroad,

the

residential

neighborhoods

of

Great

Falls

lacked

clear

definition.

The

first

house

on

the

northside,

the

Roberts

House,

811

Fourth

Avenue

North,

was

constructed

ca.

1885.

Other

houses

constructed

before

1890

still

in

existence

in

the

district

include

the

1888

A.W.

Paul

house,

a

Queen

Anne

cottage

style

building

of

contributing

status

located

at

905

Fourth

Avenue,

and

the

1888-1890

Tracy/Elliot

house,

a

vernacular

Queen

Anne

style

building

also

of

contributing

status,

located

at

317

Third

Avenue

North.

The

majority

of

the

more permanent

commercial

buildings

existed

on

Central

Avenue

in

the

business

district.

These

included

the

Park

and

Milwaukee

Hotels,

Lapeyre

Brothers

Drugstore,

Nathan's

Clothing

Store,

Strain

Brothers

Store,

the

First

National

Bank,

Beachly's

Confectionery

and

Stationery

Store,

Murphy

Maclay

Hardware

Store

and the

Minot

Block.

By

1887,

with

a

population

of

1200,

the

future

existence

of

Great

Falls

was

confirmed.

The

railroad

link

and

the

designation

of

Great

Falls

as

the

county

seat

of

Cascade

County

was the

impetus

required

for

Townsite

Company

to

forge

ahead

with

a

promotional

campaign

to

attract

prospective

residents

and

businesses.

The

forerunner

to

the

Chamber

of

Commerce—the

Board

of

Trade—through

Gibson's

perseverance,

sent

circular

flyers

to

sheepmen,

offering

the

reduced

shipping

and

holding

rates

available

in

Great

Falls.

Railroad

advertisements

raved

about

the

golden

opportunities

to be

found

in

farming

the

plains

surrounding

Great

Falls.

Minnesotans,

bombarded

by the

campaign,

traveled

to

Montana.

The

advertising

campaign

attracted

major

industrial

interests

as

well.

The

Montana

Smelting

and

Refinery

Company,

financed

by

eastern

capitalists,

constructed

a

silver

smelter

on

the

Missouri

River's west

side.

One

year

later,

the

Boston

and

Montana

Consolidated Copper

and Silver

Mining

Company

built

a

smelting

operation utilizing

waterpower

from

the

Black

Eagle

Falls

Dam,

built

by

the

Townsite

Company.

The

jobs

resulting

from

new

businesses,

agriculture,

industries and

the railroad

caused

the

population

figures

to

soar

over

10,000

by

1893.

The

mining

companies

provided

good

wages

for

hundreds

of

workers

as

production

expanded.

In

the

agricultural

industry,

Great

Falls

earned

distinction

as

a

major

shipping

and

marketing

point

for

livestock,

despite the

winter

of

1886-87's

devastating

toll

on

livestock

numbers.

The

northside

residential

area

grew

from

1890

to 1893

with

the

construction

of

several

buildings.

An

1891

perspective map

reveals

several

structures

dispersed

throughout

the

district.

Six

houses on

Fourth Avenue

North

and

three

houses on

Third

Avenue

North

constructed

from

1890 to

1893

still

remain.

The

success

of

the

community

appeared

to be

bright

until

the

national

monetary

crisis,

the

Panic

of

'93,

temporarily

stalled

economic

growth.

Increased

production

of

silver

worldwide,

the

gold-based

economic

system,

repeal

of

the

Sherman

Act

and

closure

of

banks

crushed

silver

mining

and

smelting

activities

in

the

West,

drastically

affecting

the

railroad

industry.

The

B

&

M

Smelter

was

eventually

forced

to

close

and

Hill's

Manitoba

NPS

Form

10-900-a

(8-88)

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

3

railway

system

struggled

with

railway workers

striking

against

pay

cut

to

less

than

$40.00

per

month.

The

prosperity

of

the

early

years

of

the

community

seemed

jeopardized

by

the

Panic.

Fortunately,

the city

recovered much

more

quickly

than

other

Montana

cities

because

of

its

diversified

economy.

Railroad

workers

idled

by

the

strikes

of

early

1894

returned

to

work

later

that

year.

In

spite

of

the

depressed

1890s,

the

city

continued

to

grow;

the

downtown

business

area

and

residential

areas

were

firmly

established.

The

business

area

was

bounded

by

First

Avenue

North

and

the

river

to

the

north

and

west

and

by

Second

Avenue

South

and

Fourth Street

to

the

south

and

east.

Residential

areas

operations,

railroad

yards

and

large

businesses,

such

as

sprouted

around

the

smelting

the

1892

Montana

Brewing

Company's

plant,

The

residential

area

surrounding

the

business

district

also

matured

from

1893

to

1900.

During

those

years,

seventeen

existing

buildings

were

built

in

the

district

on

Fourth

Avenue

North

and

six

on

Third.

None

existed

on

S

3cond

Avenue

North

in

1900.

1900-1920

By

1900,

the

city's

population

had

increased

to

well

over

15,000.

The

depression

forced

many

people

from

smaller

mining

communities

to seek

economic security

in

Great

Falls.

In

addition,

these

people

were

joined

by

failed

ranchers,

farmers

and

agricultural

laborers.

Many

new

residences,

businesses,

government

buildings

and

industrial

structures

were

constructed

between

1900

and

1910.

These

included

the

new

First

National

Bank,

Cascade

County Courthouse,

the

smelter

smokestack

and

Rainbow

Dam.

From

1901

to

1910,

residential

construction

in

the

district

dramatically

increased.

Existing

buildings

constructed

during

that

time

number

twenty-four

on

Fourth

Avenue,

thirty

on

Third

and

thirteen

on

Second.

Flourishing

construction

was

offset by

the

exodus

of

people

seeking

employment

elsewhere from

1900

to

1910.

1910

census

figures

show

the

population

slightly

ahead

of

the

1900

figure.

Unemployed

people

from

outside

the

city plus

bankrupt

business

people

left

Great

Falls,

causing

a

decrease

in

population.

The

prosperity

of

the

1900s

to

1920s

is

characterized

by

the

influx

of

immigrants

attracted to

available

inexpensive

land

in

the

area.

The

1902

Newlands

Reclamation

Act,

committing

the

Federal

government

to

complete

irrigation

dams

and

water

diversion

projects

in

western

states,

enticed

many

farmers

and

ranchers

to

surrounding

valleys,

such

as

the

Sun

River

Valley.

Additionally, new techniques

in

dryland

farming

revolutionized

farming

in

the

arid

west.

James

J.

Hill,

pressured

by

the

construction

of

the

Chicago,

Milwaukee,

St.

Paul

and

Pacific

Railroad through

central

Montana

and

its

attractive

land campaign,

responded

with

his

own

advertising

campaign.

Hill

hired

dry

farming

expert

Professor

Thomas Shaw

from

the

Minnesota

Agricultural

College

to

conduct

several

experiments.

These

experiments

resulted

in

lectures

conducted

and

promotional

articles

and

posters

distributed

throughout

the

east

and

Europe

by

Hill's

Great Northern

Railroad

(formerly

the

Manitoba).

Land

speculators,

government

officials

and

bankers

joined

in

promotional

efforts,

causing

an

ensuing

rush

to

homestead

the

area.

With

the

influx

of

settlers,

the

economy

of

Great Falls

boomed

as

the

center

of

trade.

The International

Harvester

Company

opened

sales

and

repair

shops

and

agriculturally

mushroomed.

Richard

Graham

and

John

Ross,

purchasers

of

the

Cataract

Mill

in

1895,

increased

their

operations

by

enlarging

their

granary

services

to

include

feed,

seed

and

poultry

sales and

supplies

as

a

side

line.

Graham

and

Ross

imported

coal

from

surrounding

areas

for

the

consumption,

of

residents

of

Great

Falls.

By

1916,

the

Sapphire

Flour

Mill

and

the

Royal

Mill

were

strong

competitors

for

the

increased

grain

production

of

the

region.

Other

agricultural

expansions

included

the

meat

packing

industry.

Incorporated

in

1897,

the

Great

Falls

Meat

Company

modernized

into

a

complete

slaughterhouse

and

packing

plant,

serving

Montana

and

neighboring

states.

NFS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

(B-W)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

4

By

the

late

1910s,

however,

the

agricultural

economy

suffered

from

depression

caused

by

high

prices

for

equipment

and

seed,

low

prices

for

produce,

drought-like

conditions

and

overworked

soil.

Bank

failures

reflected

the

severity

of

the

times.

Several

banks

incorporated

in

the

1910s

that

failed

include

the

Commercial

Trust

and

Savings

Bank,

Commercial

National,

Stanton

Trust

and

Savings

Bank,

American Bank

and

Trust Company

and

West Side

State

Bank.

The

development

of

the

northside

residential

area

was

not

overly

affected

by

the

depressed

agricultural

situation. By

1920,

most

of

the

buildings

were

associated

with

professionals

having

businesses

or

offices

in

the

nearby

downtown

or

courthouse

area

and

single-family

residences

or

apartment

buildings

for

blue

collar

railroad,

electric

railroad

or

smelter

workers.

From

1911

to

1920,

existing

structures

built

include thirty-

seven

on

Fourth

Avenue

North,

thirty-one

on

Third,

with

H

:he

largest

concentration

on

the

east

end,

and

ten

on

Second.

During

the

period

between

1910

and

1920,

the

construction

of

several

apartments

accommodated

the

large

numbers

of

people

fleeing

the

farms

and

returning

from

the

war.

In

1915,

apartment

and

multi-family

property

owners

reported

their

waiting

lists

usually

doubled

in

numbers.

As

the

pressure

for

more

apartment

housing

increased,

investors

recognized the

profit

in

apartment

construction.

A

large

proportion

of

these

investments

were

built

in

the

Northside

District

by

real

estate

developers

and

entrepreneurs

alike.

The

1910s

and

20s

also

was

a

period

of

increased

production

for

the

Anaconda

Copper

Mining

Company

(ACM)

Great

Falls

smelting

operation.

Purchased

by

the

powerful

Amalgamated Copper

Company

and

F.

Augustus

Heinze,

in

a

battle

for

supremacy

of

the

Montana

copper

industry,

the

ACM

increased

operations

by

adding

a

zinc

plant

and copper

wire

manufacturing

plant

and

by constructing

a

500-foot

:tiigh

smelting

stack.

Although

the

size

of

the

Great

Falls operations

significantly

changed

smelting

operations

did

not.

Similar

expansions

from

1900

to

1920

were

experien

employment

figures

at

the

zed

by

the

water

and

power

companies

in

Great

Falls.

In

1903,

John

D.

Ryan,

manager

of

the

Marcus

Daly Bank

and

Trust

Company

and

John

Morony,

the

auditor

of

Daly's

estate,

convinced

Daly's

widow

to

supply

the

needed

capital

to

purchase

the

Great

Falls

Electric

and

Power

Company

and the

Boston

Electric

Company.

The

two

men,

utilizing

water

purchased

from

the

Great

Falls

Water

Power

and

Townsite

Company,

supplied electrical

power

to

Great

Falls.

In

1908,

the

ACM

Company

purchased

power

from

this

company

for

their

copper

facilities

in

Butte

and

Anaconda.

Four

years

later,

the

power

company

was

incorporated

as

the

Montana

Power

Company,

and

controlled

all

electric

plants

in

Montana.

The

power

supplied

by

Montana

Power

electrified

the

Chicago,

Milwaukee,

St.

Paul

and

Pacific

Railroad.

1920s-1940s

By

the

1920s,

most

of

the

original

founding

fathers,

including

Paris

Gibson, had

died,

and

Great

Falls

continued

to

experience

the

effects

of

unemployment

and

a

worsened

agricultural

economy.

The unemployment

figures

swelled

to

over

2,000

in

1921.

Approximately

two

million

acres

in

the

state

dropped

from

agricultural

production

between

1919

and

1925

as

eleven

thousand

farms

were

abandoned.

Poor

conditions

and

the

high

cost

of

production

combined

to

break

the

backs

of many.

This,

coupled

with

depressed

copper

prices

on

the

world

market,

produced

a

rapid

decline

of

the

economy

of

Great

Falls.

Population

increased

very

moderately

during

this

period,

as

only

4,500

new

citizens

moved

into

the

city.

Construction

slowed

from

1921

to

1930

in

the

Northside

District.

Existing

structures

from

this

period

include

twelve

on

Fourth

Avenue

North,

fourteen

on

Third and

nine

on

Second.

After

the

Wall

Street Crash

in

1929,

the

city's

already

shaky

economy

and

its

construction

industry experienced

a

severe

period

of

stagnation.

In

January

of

1930,

the

Great Falls

Family

Welfare

Association

collected

27,000

pieces

of

clothing

and

household

equipment

for

400

destitute

families.

The

December

1932

Cascade

County

relief

rolls

showed

that

6,213

received

aid.

That

same

year,

the

ACM

Company

was

forced

to

close

its

zinc

operation.

For

the

years,

the

company

struggled

with

closing

and

reopening

the

zinc

units

and

the

copper

refinery.

NFS

Form

10-900-a

(8-86)

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

5

Very

few

buildings

were

constructed

from

1931

to

1941

in

residential

or

commercial

areas.

In

the

Northside

District,

fifteen

existing

buildings

were

built

on Fourth

Avenue

North,

nine on

Third

and one

on

Second.

1930

revenues

generated

by

residential

housing

permits

for

the city

dropped

from $384,870

to

less

than

£15,000

in

1934

Several

building

projects

were

made

possible

by

President

Franklin

D.

Roosevelt's

alphabet

agencies,

the

CWA,

PWA,

WPA,

NYA,

FERA

and

CCC.

frequently

utilized

programs

in

Great

Falls,

helped

construct

the

1939-1940

Mitchell

Pool,

the

1938

Whittier

School,

River Drive

road

improvements,

improvements

to

parks,

including

Paris

Gibson Park

Lake,

and

improvements

to

the

airport,

water

and

sewer

systems,

boulevards

and

street

works.

It

wasn't

until

World

War

II

that

Great

Falls

began

to

see

the

substantial

change

generally

associated

with

a

war-time

involvement.

Early

Group

of

the

Army Air

Corps

moved

its

wing

of

the

Army's

Falls.

This

unit

was

involved

in

a

massive

supply

progr<un

for

Russia,

through

daily

flights

from

Great

Falls

to

Fairbanks

and Anchorage,

Alauka.

That

same

year,

several

runways,

the

Gillis Hangar

and

a

control

tower

were

constructed

at

the

base

of

this

operation,

the

municipal

airport.

In

1942,

the

Army

installed

a

sub-depot

for

the

Air

Services

Command

at

the

WPA

Administration

Building

(later

the

Fairgrounds).

The

economy

of

Great

Falls

was

bolstered

by

war-time

activity,

especially

the

construction

of

East Base

in

1942.

Initially

constructed

as

a

training

center

for

bomber

crews

and

service

personnel,

East Base

was

eventually

transformed

into

the

Army

Air

Corps

Service

Command

Headquarters.

By

the end

of

World

War

II,

the

base

had

become

one

of

Great

Falls'

largest

employers.

Over

2,400

military

personnel

worked

there.

Prominent

Residents

in

the

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

The

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

was

the

neighborhood

where

many

early

settlers,

political

figures,

and

downtown businessmen

important

in

the

development

of

Great

Falls

chose

to

build.

Their

homes

are

dispersed

t

of

these

prominent

families

located along

both

sides

of

fourth

Avenue

North

and

Third

Avenue

North

between

Sixth

and

Seventh

Streets.

Many

of

maintained friendships

and

often

married

into

each

other

in

1941,

the

Seventh

Ferrying

Air

Transport

Command

to

Great

iroughout

the

district,

with

most

these

residents

worked

together,

s

families.

A

variety

of

professionals

occupied

homes

in

the district,

which

developed

as

a

middle

to

upper

class

neighborhood.

Notable

physicians

included

Francis

J.

Adams,

a

pioneer

physician

instrumental

in

the

establishment

of

the

Columbus

Hospital,

and

Dr.

John

Henry

Fairfield,

a

prominent

doctor who

signed the

first

prescription

to

Lapeyre's

Drug

Store

on

the

Fourth

of

July,

1886.

Clarence

Burr

Stephens,

the

first

dentist

to

have

x-

ray

equipment

in

the

1890s,

and

organizers

of

the

Great

Falls

Clinic

in

1928,

Dr.

Richard

Durnin

and

E.

M.

Larson,

also

lived

in

the

district

area.

Prosperous

downtown

store

owners

of

Great

Falls

aluo

resided

in

the

northside

residential

area. In

1886,

Arge

Nathan

opened

the

first

pioneer

men's

clothing

store

in

Great

Falls,

conducting

business

for

thirty-three

years.

He

lived

to

Mose

Kaufman,

founder

of

the

oldest

continuing

men's

clothing

business,

which

is

still

in

operation

after

ninety-six

years.

The

families

were

extremely

close,

as

evidenced

by

the

marriage

of

Arge's

sister

to

Mose.

Two

early

and

successful

businessmen

whose

families

maintained

strong

friendships,

business

associations

and

marital

ties

were

Fred

C.

Johnson

and

Stuart

R.

Jensen.

Stuart,

husband

of

Fred's

sister,

convinced Johnson

to

follow the

call

of

Paris

Gibson's

promoting

business

development

in

Great

Falls.

The

two

families

arrived

in

Montana

in

1887.

The

two

men opened

a

modest

laundry

business,

eventually

expanding

it

and

diversifying

their

investments

to attain

wealth

and

(status

as

the owners

of

the

Montana Brewing Company

as

well

as

a

mid-sized

ranch.

Johnson

and

Jensen

were

not

the

only

residents

of

the

district

associated

with

the

ranching

or

agricultural

industry.

William

Floweree,

one

of

Montana's

largest

land and

stock

owners,

and

Adkin

Kingsbury,

the

first

sheep

rancher

to

bring

the

woolly

animals

east

of

the

Rockies

in

1871,

had

large,

comfortable

homes

in

the

district.

NFS

Form

1CMWO-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024O018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residentia}.

Historic

District

Page

6

Lawyers,

real

estate

developers,

smelter

officials!

bankers

and

school

officials

lived

as

neighbors

in

the

district. The

Northside

District

offered

lawyers

an

ideal

location

because

of

its

proximity

to

both

the

courthouse

and

the

downtown

business

area.

W. 6.

Downing,

one

of

Montana's

most

successful

lawyers

in

the

1900s,

operated

downtown

business

offices,

as

did

T. E.

Brady

and

James

Burlingame,

whose

businesses

included

real

estate

sales.

Lee

Ford,

past

president

of

the

Great Falls

National

Bank,

occupied

the

massive

stone

mansion

located

at

Fourth

Avenue North

and

Fourth

Street

across

from

the

homes

of

Paris

and

Theodore

Gibson

and

Phil

Gibson.

Samuel

Largent,

superintendent

of

schools

for

thirty

one years

resided

in

the

district

as

did

Frank

Klepetko,

the

manager

of

the

Boston

and

Montana

Consolidated

silver

smelting

operations

in

Great

Falls

from

1891

to

1900.

Other notable

people

residing

in

the

district included

some

of

the

architects,

contractors,

and

builders,

responsible

for

the

commercial

and

residential

development

of

the

city.

George

Shanley,

known

for

designing

numerous

large

public

and

commercial

buildings

in

Great

Falls

and Montana, lived

in

the

district.

James

Boyd,

Great

Falls'

leading

plumber

during

the

1890s

to

1900s,

lived

building

contractor,

John

Duncan.

Other

contractors

residing

in

the

district

included

Edward

Canary

and

William

Roberts,

ca.

1880s

to

1910s;

Mortimer

N.

Lease,

ca.

1900s;

and

Frank

C.

W.

Swearingen,

who

worked

with

district

resident

C.W

McCulloh

as

civil

and

consulting

engineers

for

over

thirty

years.

The

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

was the

address

of

many

important

political

figures

instrumental

to the

political

development

of

Great

Falls

and

Montana.

City

and

county offices

were

easily

accessible

from

their

conveniently

located

homes

in

the

district.

Mayors who

at

various

times

resided

in

the

district included

Great

Falls'

founder

and

first

mayor,

Paris

Gibson;

Democratic

Party

wheelhorse

and

mayor

from

1887

to

1899,

Richard

Fitzgerald;

1913

Cascade County

legislative

representative

and

mayor

for

three

terms

between

1915

and

1935,

Al

Fousek;

and

1923

to

1927

mayor

and

Tribune

editor

Harry

B.

Mitchell.

City

governmental

officials

in

addition

to

the

mayors

were

well

represented

in

the

district.

Many

of

the early

notable

individuals

elected

as

aldermen

came from

the

district,

including

William

Roberts,

who

represented

the

Fourth

Ward

in

1893

and

O.

F.

Wadsworth,

Jr.,

First

Ward

Representative

and

County

Treasurer

in

1902.

The

city

treasurer's

position

from

1894

to

1897

was

occupied

by

W.S.

(Judge)

Frary.

His

friend,

B.P.

McNair,

also

from

the

district,

assumed

Frary's

duties

for

1894.

McNair

also

served

a

one-year

term

as

county

commissioner

in

1899-1900.

One

of

the

most

prominent

local

judges,

Jere

B.

Leslie,

son

of

the

eighth

territorial

governor

of

Montana,

began

his

long

career

in

the

judicial

system

as

a

county

jurist

in

1888.

Two years

later,

Leslie

became

the

city

clerk

and

attorney.

He

eventually

earned

the

distinction

of

being

the

Judge

of

First

Judicial

District

Court,

serving

for

twenty-nine

years.

Two

men

living

in

the

district

were

involved

in

the

political

scene

at

the

state

level.

John

Kirschwing

served

in

the

State

Legislature

in

1918

and

represented

the

Democratic Party

for

Congressman

in

the

Second

Montana

District.

Oliver

Sherman Warden

influenced

decisions

in

state

highway

development

by

serving

on

Chamber

of

Commerce

highway

committees

and

as

Vice

President

of

the

National

Association

of

State

Highways.

Community

Planning

and

Development

Paris

Gibson,

Great

Falls'

most

prominent

citizen

and

known

as

the

founder

of

the

city,

resided

in

the

district

at

400

Fourth

Avenue North

with

his

son,

Theodore.

Paris

Gibson,

born

in

Brownfield,

Maine

in

1830

on

the family

farm,

graduated

at

the

age

of

21

from

Bowdoin

College

at

Brunswick,

Maine

in

1851.

His

interests

in

political

decision-making

began

as

he

served

in

the

Maine

Legislature.

It

wasn't

until

his

father's

death

that

Gibson

returned

to

run

the

farm

for

a

short

time.

In

1858,

Paris

Gibson

moved

to

St.

Anthony

Falls

(now

Minneapolis)

where,

in

association

with

W.

G.

Eastman,

he

built

the

Cataract

Mill.

During

the same

time,

Gibson

aided

the

formation

of

the

Minnesota

North

Star

Woolen

Mill.

He

had

substantial

holdings

in

both

companies.

NFS

Form

10-900-a

(8-86)

0MB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

7

The

Gibson

family

came to

Montana

from

Minnesota

in

1879

after

the

Panic

of

1873

caused

them

to

relinquish

their

family

wool

and

flour

holdings

in

Minneapolis.

Settling

in

nearby

Fort

Benton,

the

Gibsons

established

a

lumber

company

that

failed

shortly

after

opening.

After

the

failure,

the

Gibsons

moved

to

Otter

Creek

where

they

purchased

a

large

sheep

ranch

eventually

earning

the

reputation

as

the

first

ranchers

to

introduce Delaine

Merino

sheep

into

Northern

Montana.

While

in

the

sheep

business,

Paris

recognized

the

potential

of

developing

the

Great

Falls

area

natural

resources

that

included

vast

coal

deposits

and

water

power.

Convinced

of

the

opportunities

available,

Paris

earned

the

backing

of

railroad

magnate,

James

J.

Hill,

using

soldier

script

to

obtain

the

land.

In

1884,

Gibson

and

Hill,

supported

by

the

efforts

of

Theodore Gibson

and

a

handful

of

men,

platted

the

original

townsite.

As

the

city

flourished,

it

was

clear

that

Paris

played

an

instrumental

role

in

the

city's

early

growth.

He

was elected

the

first

mayor

in

1890

and

was

instrumental

in

forming

the

Board

of

Trade,

forerunner

to the

Chamber

of

Commerce,

serving

as

president

from

1890

to

1892.

He

also

was

active

in

the

development

of

the

banking

industry

by

being

one

of

the

first

members

of

the

Board

of

Directors

for

the

First

National

Bank

and

the

Great

Falls

Building

and

Loan

Association.

Other

boards

he

served

on

included the

Great

Falls

Iron Works,

Rocky

Mountain

Fire

Insurance,

the

first

school

board,

Old

Timers'

Association,

and

Highland

Cemetery.

Additionally,

he

helped

organize

the

first

parks

and

boulevard

systems,

the

Cataract

Mill

which

was the city's

first flour

mill,

the

original

electric

light

plant,

and the

real

estate

branch

of

the

Great

Falls

Townsite

Company.

Gibson

served the

sheep

growers

by

leading

the

formation

of

the

Northern

Montana

Sheep

Company, an

association

of

local

sheepmen

interested

in

establishing

north-central

Montana

as

a

major

woolgrowing

area.

In 1888,

the

company

stockpiled

30,000

pounds

of

wool

in

a

Great

Falls

warehouse

in

an

effort

to

lessen

railroad

freight

costs

and

gain

recognition

as

a

shipping

point.

The

efforts

of

the

company

failed,

however,

as

it

was

cost

effective

to

ship

from

Minneapolis.

Paris

Gibson's

significance

in

the

formation

of

Great

Falls

and

aid

in

the

development

of

civic

and

public

organizations

was

also

complimented

by

his

contributions

in

the

1889

Constitutional

Convention.

As

a

delegate

to the

convention,

Gibson

supported

the

location

of

the

state

capital

in

Helena,

the

contender

nearest

Great

Falls.

Later

in

the

convention,

however,

Gibson

stated

Great

Falls

as

the

preferred

site claiming,

"The

time

may

come,

five

or

six

years

hence,

when

it

will

be

expedient

to

change

the

state

capital

from

Helena

and

then

it

should

be

located

over

the

Belt

region

of

mountains..."

Gibson

emphasized

the

availability

of

natural

resources

in

the

Belt

Mountain

region

of

central

Montana

throughout

the

convention,

additionally

expressing

interest

in

the

question

of

irrigation.

He

argued

against

the

state

subsidy

of

private

ditch

companies

claiming

American

capitalists

were

willing

to

invest

money

in

the

companies

making

governmental

support

unnecessary.

After

much

debate,

the

bill

was

postponed

indefinitely.

There

was

also

much

controversy

about the

issue

of

taxing irrigation

businesses.

Gibson's

interest

in

the

Great

Falls

water

company

caused

him

to

oppose

a

bill

which

would

have

taxed

the

annual

earnings

of

ditch

corporations.

Gibson

feared

that

under

this

provision,

monopolistic

interests

could

gain

control

over

one

of

Montana's

most

important

agricultural

assets.

Gibson

continued

his

interest

in

the

future

of

Montana

by

pursuing

positions

in

the

State

Senate.

He

gained

the elected

position

of

State

Senator

in

1890

and

later

United

States

Senator

in

1901,

continually

supporting

Great Falls

as

an

industrial center

capable

of

utilizing

water

power,

nearby

coalfields,

and

abundant

agricultural

opportunities.

Gibson remained

active

in

promoting

Great

Falls'

benefits

well

into

his

80s.

He

died

in

1920

at

the

age

of

90

in

the

home

he

shared

with

his

son,

Theodore,

located

in

the

Northside

Residential

Historic

District.

An

integral

part

of

Paris

Gibson's plan

for

the

city that

has

become

an

important

characteristic

of

the

Northside

District

included

the

bqautification

plan

patterned

after

Minneapolis.

The

plan,

beginning

in 1884,

called

for

the

planting

of

the

first

trees

in

Great

Falls—native

cottonwoods

and

box

elders—along

the

boundary

of

the district

at

Park

NPS

Form

10-800-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

(8-88)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

8

Drive

from

Third

to

Eighth

Avenue North

and

along

Whittier

and

Margaret

Parks.

Despite

criticism,

Gibson

contended

that:

Looking

out

in

any

direction

...

we

see

a

country

absolutely

treeless

save

the

fringe

of

cottonwood

and

willow

trees

scattered

along

the

...

rivers....

This

barren

condition

of

the

surrounding

country

gives

immeasurable

value

to

the

cultivation

of

trees

and

shrubs

within

the

limits

of

our

city.

Gibson

pursued

his

beautification

plan giving the

city

beautifully

shaded

parks

and

streets.

In

1891,

the

city

council

passed

ordinances

protecting

trees

from foraging

animals

and

use

as

hitching

posts.

Four

years

later,

the

city

passed

$40,000

in

bonds

to

purchase

future

park

sites.

Hay

cut

on

those

park

sites

added

to

the city

treasury.

By

1902,

a

city

nursery

maintained

by

the

Board

of

Park,

sold

and

transplanted

trees

within

the

Great

Falls

including

Paris

Gibson

Park,

Park

Commissioners

in

Cascade

corporate

limits.

The

original

cottonwoods

and

box

elders

were

replaced by

elms,

ash,

and

maples

as

the

result

of

experimentation

conducted

by the

agricultural

station

at

Bozeman.

By

1913,

67,000

shade

trees

were

planted

along

twenty-two

miles

of

boulevards

throughout

the

city.

That

same

year,

a

Great

Falls

Tribune

article claimed

the

city-operated

nursery,

"...has

done

much

toward

establishing

the

reputation

of

the

place

(Great

Falls)

as

being

one

of

the

most

beautiful

cities

in

the

west."

White

elm,

ash and

Norway

maples

continued

to be

planted

until

1941

when

the

boulevard

ordinance

calling

for

ash

on

the

inside

of

the

sidewalk

and

elm

on

the

street

side

was

amended

to

eliminate

elms.

The

disease-prone

tree

species

was

replaced

by

ash

as

the

tree

for

future

planting

and

replacement.

The

North3ide

District,

typical

of

residential

areas

in

Great

Falls,

has

double-lined boulevards

resplendently

shaded

by

the

branches

of

these

huge

beauties,

which

add

charm

to

the

neighborhood

and

act

as

reminders

of

Gibson's

initial

plan.

Unfortunately,

Dutch

elm

disease

has

invaded

many

of

these

trees

forcing

the city

to

eradicate

and

replace

them witi

more

hardy

varieties.

Within

the

next five

years,

it

is

projected

that

all

elms

will

be

destroyed

and

replaced

in

the

Great Falls

city

limits.

This

action,

although

unavoidable,

will

alter

the appearance

and

character

of

the

district

area.

Architecture

The

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

consists

of

a

large

variety

of

architectural

styles

in

buildings

consistently

sharing

the

same

dimensions

of

setback,

scale,

and

construction

materials.

Most

buildings

are

centered

on

their

lots,

are one

to

two-and-one-half-stories,

and

mostly

constructed

of

either

brick,

stone,

or

clapboard.

The

district retains

visual

cohesiveness because

the

majority

of

the

structures were

built

during the

historic

period

from

1885

to

1940.

Continued

use,

retained

design

and

material

integrity

aid

in

unifying

contributing

and

primary

buildings

in

the district

area.

Excellent

architectural

integrity

of

most

of

the

buildings

is

retained

and

well

represented

by

several

of

the

larger

primary

homes

on

Fourth

Avenue

North

and

on

Third

Avenue

North

toward

the

west end

and

central

portion.

Many

of

the

smaller

homes

are

found

south

of

Fourth

Avenue

North,

with

several

constructed

during

the

1910s

located

at

the

east

end

of

the

district.

Most

of

the significant

apartments

within

the

district

lie

south

of

Third

Avenue

North.

The

Colonial

styles

predominate

in

the

district

as

the

most

utilized

style.

Outstanding

examples

of

this

significant

residential

architectural

style

include

the

Transitional

Queen

Anne/Colonial

Revival

style

F.

G.

Johnson

house

at

309

Second

Street

North

and

the

S.

P.

Jensen

house

at

207

Third

Avenue

North.

These

homes

have

many

of

the

same

features

including

double

bays,

polychroming,

and

ornate

corbelled

banding

on

the

chimneys.

The

Colonial

Revival

style

W.

K.

Floweree

House

at

825

Fourth

Avenue

North

features

brick

masonry

and

parapeted

gables

extending

through

the

roof.

The

Colonial

Revival

style

Jenks house

at

524

Third

Avenue

North

is

the

largest

Colonial

style

building

in

the

district

and

is

characterized

by the

large

Ionic

columns

supporting

a

two-story

NPS

Form

10-900-a

(8-88)

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

9

portico.

The

Spanish

Colonial Revival

style

Blackstone

Apartments

at

314

Third

Avenue

North

retains

elaborate

terra

cotta

ornamentation

and

a

central

entrance

courtyard.

The

Adams

house,

located

at

117

Third

Avenue

North,

another

Spanish Colonial

style,

features

terra

cotta

roof

tiles,

stuccoed

exterior,

and

parapets

characteristic

of

the

style.

Several

buildings

in

the

district

clearly

represent

Queen

Anne

styling.

These

include

the

A.

W.

Kingsbury

house

at

627

Fourth

Avenue

North

which

is

distinguished

by

its

large

turret,

and

the

F.

Armstrong

houses

at 813

Fourth

Avenue

North

and

800

Third

Avenue

North

which

feature fishscale

shingles

in

the

gable

ends

and

wraparound

porches

with

turned

columns.

The

Second

Empire

style

Roberts

house

at

811

Fourth

Avenue

North

is

characterized

by

the

mansard

roof

and

full

front

porch

with

decorative

balusters.

The

Eastern

Stick

style

C. T.

Boals/Speer

house

at

609

Third

Avenue

North

is

characterized

by

typical

stick

work.

The

Ford-Bovey

house

at

401

Fourth

Avenue North

is

a

combination

of

the

Queen

Anne

style

of

plan

and

features

with

Tudor

Revival

style

features

of

half

timbering

in

the

gable

ends

and

exposed

rafters.

The

vernacular

Queen

Anne

style

is

also

found

in

the

district

area.

The

Paris

Gibson

house

at

400

Fourth

Avenue

North

is

an

excellent

example

of

the

style

which

is

common

in

the

West

and

is

nearly

identical

to

those found

in

builders

catalogs.

Numerous

examples

of

the

Bungalow/Craftsman

style

also

are

found

within

the

district.

The

best

example

is

the

Thisted

house

at

806

Third

Avenue

North.

The

common

full-front

shed-roofed porch

has

partial

solid

sides

witii

square

columns.

The

Cascade

County

Jail

serves

as

an

excellent

example

of

the

Romanesque

style

of

architecture

in

the

district.

Located

at

326

Third

Avenue

North,

the

sandstone building

has

a

projecting

entablature

and

cornice,

and

arched

windows

with

keystones.

Apartment

buildings

in

the

district

constructed

to

accommodate

the

expanding

population

of

the

city

during

the

early

20th

century,

were

built

mostly

in

the

Prairie

style

of

architecture.

Integral

to

the

district

as

representatives

of

Great

Falls'

expanding

horizons,

these

apartments

retain

excellent

architectural

integrity

exemplified

by

common

characteristics

of

the

style

including

flat,

keystoned

window

openings,

polychroming,

side

lights,

and

central

entries

flanked

by

piers.

Excellent

representatives

include

the

212-214

Fourth Avenue North

Clark

Apartments;

the

520

Fourth

Avenue

North

Fonk

Apartments;

the

517

Third Avenue

North

Toy

Apartments;

the

706

Third

Avenue

North

Geraldine

Apartments;

the

116-120

Seventh

Street

North

Curry

Apartments;

and

the

802

Second

Avenue

North

Lexington

Apartments.

The

Classical

Revival

style

A.

Kaufman

house,

617

Fourth

Avenue

North,

is

a

wonderful

example

of

the

style

common

to

the

district.

It

features

a

wrap-around

balustraded

porch

supported

by

columns

and

molded

cornices.

The

building

differs

somewhat

from

the

others

because

of

pointed

arched

windows

in

the

dormers.

The

English

Tudor

Revival

is

well

represented

by

the

A.B.

Guthrie

house

at

520

Third

Avenue

North.

The

building

features

half

timbering,

stucco

infill

in

the

gables,

and

projecting

corbels.

The Art

Deco

style

is

not

common

in

the

district,

yet

is

clearly

represented

by

the

Whittier

School

at

305

Eighth

Street

North.

The

elongated

windows

accentuate

the

sense

of

verticality;

a

specific

trait

of

Art

Deco

style buildings.

Another

residence

on Fourth

of

the

later

historic

period

is

the

521

Fourth

Avenue

North

Moderne

style

Miller

house.

Originally

the

building

was

a

Bungalow

style

which

was

remodeled

in

1945.

Although

built

after

the

historic

period,

this

building

is

such

an

important

representative

of

an

unusual

style

that

it

is

a

significant

integral

component

of

the

district.

Several

Great

Falls

architects

are

associated

with

the

development

of

the

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Area.

William

Roberts

designed

the

200

Third

Avenue

North

Kelly house

and

the

715

Third Avenue

North

St.

Anne's

Cathedral;

William

Donovan

designed

the

Church

of

the

Incarnation,

600

Third

Avenue

North;

J.T.

Levesque

and

Company

the

Geraldine

Apartments,

706

Third

Avenue

North;

H.N.

Black

and

Frank

Longstaff

designed

the

County

Courthouse;

Bird

and

Van Teylingen

the

First

Baptjist

Church,

525

Second Avenue

North;

and

Van

Teylingen

drew

the

plans

for

the

Whittier

School,

305

Eighth

Street

North.

NFS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

(WO)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

10

The

most

prominent

architect

in

Great

Palls

during

I

the

1900-1920s

period

was

undoubtedly

George

Shanley.

In

1909,

Shanley

opened offices

in

the First

National

Bank

building

with

John

Kent

who

retired

that

same

year.

Over the

years,

Shanley designed

many

buildings

with

the

aid

of

partners

Baker,

Willson,

Hugenin,

Henry

Hall

Johnson,

and/or Johannes

Van

Teylingen.

Shanley*s

talents

were

directed

toward

designing

several

apartment

buildings

including

the

Blackstone,

314

Third

Street

North;

the

Jensen

Apartments,

803-807

Fourth

Avenue

North;

the

Lexington,

802

Second

Avenue

North;

the

Doheny,

202-206

Eighth

Street

North;

the

Curry,

112

Sixth

Street

North;

Gies,

310

Fifth

Street

North;

and the

Toy,

517

Third

Avenue

North.

With

the

exception

of

the

Blackstone,

these

buildings

all

are

characteristic

of

the Prairie

style

of

architecture.

Additionally,

Shanley

designed

his

own

modest

home

at

916

Third

Avenue

North

and

approximately

thirty

to

forty

commercial buildings

in

Great

Falls.

Two

of

these

notable

buildings

located

in

this

district

are

the

Sacred

Heart

Convent,

920

Fourth

Avenue

North,

and

the

Cascade

County

Jail.

Others

include

the

Rainbow

Hotel,

Independent

Telephone

Building,

Ludwig's

Garage,

St.

Mary's

Institute,

New

Park

Hotel,

Liberty

Theatre,

Johnson

Hotel,

Strain

Building,

Falls

Hotel,

Buttrey

Building,

Barber

Building,

Civic

Center,

Sparling

Hotel,

Washington

School,

Rocky

Mountain

Fire

Insurance

Building,

St.

Thomas

Home,

Old

First

National

Bank,

Columbus

Hospital,

Dunn

Brown

Block,

and

the

First

Avenue

North

and

Tenth

Street

bridges.

NFS

Form

10-90O-a

(8-86)

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside Residential

Historic

District

Page

11

NORTHSIDE

RESIDENTIAL HISTORIC

DISTRICT

GREAT

FALLS,

MONTANA

CONT

Contributing

to

a

Historic

District

NON

Non-contributing

to

a

Historic

District

PRIMARY

Primary

Element

of

a

Historic District

Address

Second

Ave.

North

412

2

Av N

501

2

Av

N

508

2

Av

N

509

2

Av

N

510

2

Av

N

512

2

Av

N

517

1/2

2

Av

N

525

2

Av

N

526

2

Av

N

701

2

Av

N

705

2

Av N

709

2

Av

N

709 1/2

2

Av

N

712

2

Av

N

714

2

Av

N

715

2

Av

N

717

2

Av

N

721

2

Av

N

726

2

Av

N

802

2

Av

N

901

2

Av

N

905

2

Av

N

909-911

2

Av

N

913

2

Av

N

917

2

Av

N

923

2

Av

N

927

2

Av

N

Third

Ave.

North

104

3

Av

N

116

3

Av

N

117

3

Av N

200

3

Av

N

204

3

Av

N

Name

Unknown

M.W.

Sullivan

Unknown

M.W.

Sullivan

Maryland

Apts

Unknown

1st

Baptist

Church

Midtown

Motel/

H.

Vogel

House

Garage

A.R.

Robert

Garage

Sweeney/Fit

C.

Carter House

John

Duncan

House

John Duncan

House

R.H.

Wright House

Garage

H.H.

Stanley

House

Garage

Minter

House

Garage

Swedish

Luth

Lexington

Apts

J.

Jardine

House

G.

Dickinson

House

Garage

Apartments

Garage

John

Duncan

House

Garage

A.D.

Robins

Garage

Landeaster

House

Garage

O.F.

Wadswo

ABCDEF/Penn.

Apts

Adams

House

B.B.

Kelly

House

W.A.

McFarl

Garage

Date

Status

>urt

house

House

lurch

r

Perkins

»

i

House

jrald

Hse

56

>use

mse

louse

•n

Church

t

ise

louse

>use

House

se

m

House

ipts

se

House

Fr

.

Renal

Moderne

Col

Rev

C

Moderne

Col

Rev

C

Prairie

C

Modern

Gothic

Re

Modern

Col

Rev

4

ssance

ottage

omm

vival

Sq

Vern.

Col.

Rev.

Colonial

Rev

remodeled

Col

Rev

C

Col

Rev

C

Colonial

Gothic

Re

ottage

Rev

vival

Prairie

Comm

Col

Rev

Cpttage

Bungalow

Moderne

Bungalow

Dutch

Colonial

Bungalow

Q.A./Col.

Prairie

C

Rev.

omm

Mission

Revival

Col

Rev

Cottage

Cape

Cod

1901-03

1977

1917

1966

1917

ca

1980

1925

1962

1902

1986

1910

1987

1901

1927

1908

1901

pre

1930

1903

pre

1930

1902

1927

1954

1906

1917

1907

1911

1928

1951

1927

1911

1919

1911

1974

1939

ca

1939

1909

1901

1922

1909

1903

1939

Primary

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

Primary

non

Primary

non

Cont

non

Primary

non

Primary

non

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

Primary

non

Cont

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

NFS

Form

10-900-a

(8-ae)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

12

207

3

Av

N

208

3

Av

N

211

3

Av

N

212

3

Av

N

213

3

Av

N

217-225

3

Av

N

216

3

Av

N

220

3

Av

N

226

3

Av

N

301

3

Av

N

305

3

Av

N

308

3

Av

N

311

3

Av

N

312

3

Av

N

314

3

Av

N

317

3

Av

N

325

3

AV

N

326

3

Av

N

401

3

Av

N

411

3

AV

N

415

3

Av

N

425

3

Av

N

505

3

Av

N

517

3

Av

N

520

3

Av

N

521

3

Av

N

524

3

Av

N

525

3

Av

N

600

3

Av

N

601

3

Av

N

609

3

Av

N

612

3

Av

N

615

3

Av

N

617

3

Av

N

Garage

S.R.

Jensen House

Prior

/Warden House

Garage

C.D.

Ladd

House

Garage

W.G.

Downing

House

Garage

J.

Duncan

House

Garage

Valeria

Townhouse

5

stall

garage

C.W.

McCulloh

House

Garage

L.

Southmayd

House

Lemley/Cooney

House

Superintendent

'

s

House

Garage

J.W.

Speer

House

Garage

The

Mary

M.

Mullen

House

Garage

Terr

ill

Apts

E.G.

Terr

ill

House

Tracy/Elliot

House

Garage

Page

Werner

Architect

Cascade County

Jail

Garage

Becker

Building

Russell/Largent

House

Outbuilding

Largent/Gies

House

Garage

Gies

House

Glacier

Apts

Moderne

Toy

Apts

Garage

A.B.

Guthrie

House

Ponderosa

Apts

C.O.

Jenks

House

Garage

Juniper

Apts

Church

of

Incarnation

J.M.

Burlingame

House

Garage

C.T.

Boals/Speer

House

Garage

J.

Fogarty

House

Garage

W.

Albrecht

House

Garage

L.E.

Foster

House

Garage

Q. A.

/Col.

Rev.

Colonial

Rev

Q. A.

/Col.

Rev.

Colonial

Rev

Q. A.

/Col.

Rev.

NeoVictorian

Prairie/Bungalow

4

Square/Col.

Rev.

Q. A.

/Col.

Rev.

Queen

Anne

Col

Rev

Cottage

Prairie

Comm

Bungalow

Prairie

Comm

Prairie

Bungalow

Vernaculair

QA

Moderne

Romanesque

Rev

Moderne

Q. A.

/Col.

Rev.

Col

Rev

Cottage

Col

Rev

Prairie

Comm

Eng

Tudotf

Rev

Moderne

Colonial

Rev

Moderne

Eng Gothic

Rev

Q.

A.

/Col.

Rev.

Stick

Colonial

Rev.

Tudor

Rev

Bungalow

1939

1910

1906

ca

1960

1900

ca

1950

1905

1970

1906

pre

1920

1986

1911

1925

1906

1900

1898

1985

1907

1939

1898

1918

1919

1923

1919

1888-1890

pre

1920

1960

1913

1920

1964

1890

1981

1908

pre

1920

1910

1960

1928

1907

1965

1908

pre

1920

1963

1906

1900

1944

1901

1915

1909

1936

1895

1916

1909

1917

non

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Primary

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

NPS

Form

10-900-a

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

13

618

3

Av

N

620

3

Av

N

621

3

Av

N

624-626

3

Av

N

625

3

Av

N

700

3

Av

N

706

1/2

3

Av

N

706

3

Av

N

714

3

Av

N

715

3

Av

N

716

3

Av

N

718

3

Av

N

722-722

1/2

3

Av

N

724

3

Av

N

725

3

Av

N

800

3

Av

N

806

3

Av

N

808

3

Av

N

818

3

Av

N

818

1/2

3

Av

N

821-823

3

Av

N

824

3

Av

N

900

3

Av

N

906

3

Av

N

908

3

Av

N

909

3

Av

N

910

3

Av

N

913

3

Av

N

914

3

Av

N

916

3

Av

N

C.

919

3

Av

N

917

3

Av

N

920

3

Av

N

921

3

Av

N

J.

Dodge House

Garage

O.F.

Whitehead

House

Garage

T.

Curry

House

Garage

C.O.

Jarl

House

Garage

C.O.

Jarl

House

Garage

C.P.

Downing

House

Garage

S.

White

House

Geraldine

Apts

Weidenbaker

House

St

Anne

'

s

Cathedral

St

Anne

'

s

Rectory

D.

Haitian

House

E.W.

Ellis

House

Garage

J.J.

Earth

House

garage

Donlin House

Garage

Brady

House

F.

Armstrong

House

Stimpert/Thisted

House

Garage

Bill

Spady

Garage

J.

Kirschwing

House

Sutherland

Apts

C.

Nelson

House

Garage

1st

Congregational

Church

Continental

Oil

S.C.

Swart

z

House

Garage

S.C.

Swart

z

House

Garage

Apartments

Swart

z/Largent

House

Garage

Rector/Pappin

House

Garage

Huestis/Swartz

House

Shanley

House

Garage

Rector

House

Garage

Anderson

House

Garage

F.

Klepetko

House

Garage

C.W.

Swear

ingen

House

Colonial

Rev

Colonial

Rev

Bungalow

Col

Rev

Tudor

Craftsman

Prairie

Vernacular

QA

Prairie

Comm

Q.

A.

/Col.

Rev.

Gothic

Revival

Prairie

Moderne

remodeled

Q.

A.

/Col.

Rev.

Eng

Tudor

Rev

Queen

Anne

Bungalow

Q.

A.

/Col.

Rev.

Moderne

Colonial

Rev.

Prairie

Colleg

Gothic Revival

Moderne

Prairie

4

Sq

Prairie

4

Sq

Prairie

Comm

Prairie

4

Sq

Prairie

4

Sq

Col

Rev

Cottage

Col

Rev

Cottage

Col

Rev

Cottage

Q. A.

/Col.

Rev.

1

Craftsmah

1909

1922

1914

ca

1914

1909

1930

1907

pre

1920

1911

1972

pre

1893

pre

1930

1902

1917

1901

1900

1931

1978

1902

pre

1940

1905

1928

1902

pre

1930

1917

1901

1911

ca 1911

1989

1910

1955

1916

1983

1910

1953

1913

pre

1930

1913

1953

1914

1913

1917

1916

1925

1913

pre

1940

1916

1955

1929

1956

1899

pre

1930

1909

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Cont

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

Primary

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

non

Cont

NFS

Form

10-900-a

(8-86)

0MB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

14

924

3

Av

N

925

3

Av

N

Fourth

Ave.

North

210

4

Av

N

F.

212-214

4

Av

N

216

4

Av

N

221

4

Av

N

223

4

Av

N

301

4

Av

N

307

4

Av

N

309

4

Av

N

310

4

Av

N

312-314

4

AV

N

315

4

Av

N

317

4

AV

N

319

4

Av

N

400

4

Av

N

401

4

Av

N

404

4

Av

N

410

4

Av

N

414

4

Av

N

416

4

Av

N

426

4

Av

N

500

4

Av

N

501

4

Av

N

505

4

Av

N

510

4

Av

N

511

4

Av

N

512

4

Av

N

515

4

Av N

516

4

Av

N

E.V.

Rubottom

House

Garage

W.

Hurtman

House

Garage

Klepetko

House

Garage

Clark

Apt

s

Garage

E.L.

Barnes

House

Edwards

House

Garage

G.

Raban House

Garage

J.B.

Leslie

House

M.N.

Lease House

Garage

Lease/Larson

House

Associated

Building

Hubbard/Roberts

House

Garage

Linden

Terrace

Newlon

House

Garage

Phil

Gibson

Garage

Residence

Garage

Ness/Paris

Gibson

Hse

L.

Ford/Bovey

House

Garage

Pigeon House

P.

Koenig

House

Garage

Matteson/Grove

House

Garage

W.E.

Chamberlain

House

Garage

Unknown

Garage

Ye

Hows

tone

Apts

O.S.

Warden

House

Outbuilding

Garage

W.S.

Frary

House

M

Skinner

House

Garage,

carport

A.

McClelland

House

Garage

Wilcox/Freeman

House

Garage

W.

Toole

House

Bungalow

Garage

M.L.

Bridgeman

House

Garage

M.McDonough

House

Col

Rev

Am

4

Squ

Eire

Vernacular

Prairie

Comm

Am

4

Square

Colonial

Rev

Queen An

Colonial

Prairie

Colonial

le

Revival

QA

Townhouse

Prairie

4

Square

QA

Cottage

Colonial

Q.Q./Col

Q.A./Tud

Tudor

Re

Tudor

Re

Modern

Revival

.Rev.

or

Rev.

V

Modern

Col.

Rev.

Moderne

Bungalow

Moderne

Colonial

Q.A./CLR

Queen An

Q.A./CLR

Revival

ne

Cot.

Q.

A.

/Col.

Rev.

Eclectic

Prairie

Queen

Anne

Prairie

Colonial

1902

pre

1930

1909

1941

ca

1895

1924

1916

1918

1908

ca

1918

pre

1924

1912

1952

1895

1901

1977

1908

pre

1920

1931

ca

1930

1893

1904

1915

1893

1920

ca

1912

ca

1920

1890

1908

ca

1908

ca

1910

1941

1986

1901

1986

1911

recent

1952

1979

1959

1900

pre

1930

1912

1896

1899

1985

1898

1946

1902

pre

1930

1915

ca

1915

1895

1982

1913

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

Primary

non

Primary

non

Primary

non

Primary

non

Cont

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

NPS

Form

10-000-a

(8-86)

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

15

517

4

Av

520

4

Av

N

520

1/2

4

Av

N

521

4

Av

524

4

Av

525

4

Av

600

4

Av

601

4

Av

603

4

Av

605

4

Av

606

4

Av

608

4

Av

609

4

Av

610

4

Av

612

4

Av

613

4

Av

616

4

Av

617

4

Av

626

4

Av

627

4

Av

701

4

Av

709

4

Av

715

4

Av

717

4

Av

722

4

Av

724

4

Av

727 1/2

4

727

4

Av

803-807

4

810

4

Av

811

4

Av

N

Av

N

Av

N

Garage

F.

Walker

House

Garage

Fonk

Apts

E.G.

Fonkalsrud

House

Miller

House

garage

Carport

McCann

Apts

C.

Brown

House

Garage

J.B.

Leslie

House

Roger

s/Lind

House

Roger

s/Lind

House

H.

Bouska

House

Garage

R.

Deardorf

House

Garage

R.

Deardorf

House

Garage

K.

Ario

House

F.

Roberts

House

Garage

F.

Roberts

House

Garage

H.

Skinner

House

Garage

T.

Curry House

Garage

A.

Kaufman

House

Garage

H.

Afflerbach

Garage

A.W.

Kingsbury

House

Garage

Ladd/Lowery

House

Garage

Shop

J.C.

Quigley

House

Garage

Egloff/Fairfield

House

Garage

C.S.

Cornelius

R.B.

Durnin

Garage

Sutherland

House

Garage

A.W.

Bower

House

L.G.

Phelps

House

Jensen

Apts

Garage

W.

Roberts

House

—

.

——————————

.

—

Prairie

13ungalow

Prairie

Comm

remodeled

Moderne Duplex

Colonial

4

Sg

Colonial

Revival

Q.A.

Cottage

Queen Anne

Queen

Anne

Ranch

Col

Rev

Cottage

Col

Rev

Cottage

Ranch

English

Cottage

Cape

Cod

Queen

Anne

Col

Rev

Classical Rev

Q.A.

/Col.

Rev.

Queen

Anne

Q.A.

/Col.

Rev.

Classical

Rev

Q.A.

/Col.

Rev.

Remodeled

Bungalow

Q.A.

/Col.

Rev.

Remodeled

Col.

Rev.

Prairie

Comm

Remodeled

Second

Empire

1916

1908

1912

1928

1935

1945

1924

1925

1984

1914

1949

ca

1891

1897

1952

1953

1906

pre

1930

1906

1921

1935

1927

pre

1940

ca

1937

pre

1940

1899

1976

1906

1913

1906

ca 1938

1901

pre

1920

1901

1913

1900

1928

1908

1916

1937

1892

1989

1892

1913

ca 1913

1920

ca 1920

1909

1897

1913

1919

1916

1893

ca 1885

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

non

Primary

non

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Primary

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

non

Primary

NFS

Form

10-900-a

(8-86)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

16

811

1/2

4

Av

N

812

4

Av

N

813

4

Av

N

816

4

Av

N

817

4

Av

N

820

4

Av

N

824

4

Av

N

A.

825

4

Av

N

900

4

Av N

901

4

Av

N

905

4

Av

N

906

4

Av

N

908

4

Av

N

912

4

Av

N

915

4

Av

N

917

4

Av

N

920

4

Av

N

921

4

Av

N

923-925

4

Av

N

Second

St.

North

210

2

St

N

220

2

St

N

308

2

St

N

309

2

St

N

313

2

St

N

Third

St.

North

314

3

St

N

315

3

St

N

317

3

St

N

Fourth

St.

North

308-310

4

St

N

309

4

St

N

313

4

St

N

Garage

E.

Canary

House

Garage

F.

Armstrong

House

Garage

Unknown

Garage

C.E.

Davis

House

Garage

M.

Kaufman

House

Garage

Nathan

House

W.K.

Floweree

House

Garage

G.G.

Minter

House

J.

Fitzgerald

House

Garage

A.W.

Paul

House

Garage

M.

Curry

House

Garage

Rev

Flint

House

Garage

C.T.

Boals

House

Garage

Dr

Stephens

House

Garage

C.M.

Webster

House

Garage

Sacred

Heart Convent

S.C.

Swart

z

House

Garage

J.

Duncan

House

Garage

Hotel

Vandervoast

YWCA

S.E.

Atkinson

House

F.G.

Johnson

House

Garage

J.T.

Boyd House

Garage,

attached

Blackstone

Apts

Moore

House

Small

outbuilding

Ladner

House

Garage

J.

Vorwalska

House

attached

garage

1st

Unitarian

Church

J.

Vorwalski

House

Garage

Remodeled

Queen

Anne

Queen

Anne

Col

Rev

Cottage

Bungalow

Queen Anne

Col

Rev

Col

Rev

Bungalow

Queen Anne

QA

Cottage

Col

Rev

Cottage

Prairie

4

Sq

Prairie

4

Sq

Colonial

Reviva

Classical

Rev

Classical

Rev

Bungalow

Prairie

Comm

Moderne

Colonial

Revival

Q. A.

/Col.

Rev.

Q. A.

/Col.

Rev.

Eng

Tudor

Colonial

Revival

Cape

Cod

Cottage

Eng

Tudor

Rev

Eclectic

Prairie

Moderne

1940

pre

1940

1909

1931

1900

pre

1932

1888-1891

1986

1902

1987

1914

pre

1940

1899

1916

1911

1901

1919

1888

1945

1898

1934

1909

1919

1909

pre

1940

1899

1917

1902

1917

1922

1915

ca

1950

1918

1919

1913

1952

1909

1910

ca

1910

1908

ca

1920

1917

1899

pre

1900

1944

ca 1940

1940

1971

1911

1941

1940s

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Primary

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Primary

Cont

non

Primary

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

Primary

non

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

Cont

non

NFS

Form

10-900-a

(8-86)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

OMB

Approval

No.

10240018

Section

number

8

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

17

400-408

4

St N

Fifth

St.

North

121

5th

St

N

310

5

St

N

330

5

St

N

400

5

St

N

Sixth

St.

North

112

6

St

N

303-309

6

St N

312

6

St

N

311-315

6

St

N

411

6

St

N

Seventh

St.

North

116-120

7

St

N

310

7

St

N

212

7

St

N

213

7

St

N

313

7

St

N

319

7

St

N

Eighth

St.

North

112

8

St

N

202-206

8

St

N

304-306

8

St

N

308-310

8

St

N

305

8

St

N

Ninth

St.

North

121

9

St

N

209

9

St

N

211

9th

St.

N

217

9th

St.

N

300

9

St

N

313

9

St

N

Tenth

St.

North

208

10

St

N

210

10

St

N

212

10

St

N

408-410

10

St

N

Beltron

+

Palagi

Dearborn

Apts

Gies

Apts

1st

Interstate

Bank

Bitter

root

Apts

Curry

Apts

I.

Sturrock

House

Maxine

Apts

H.T.

Leslie House

Garage

Rogers House

Zenith

Flats

E.

Henle House

Jarl

House

Garage

C.P.

Downing

House

Heisey

Mem

Youth

Ctr

Garage

St.

Mary's

Institute

Evangelical Lutheran

Church

Parsonage

Doheny

Apts

Brady

House

Garage

Brady

House

Garage

Whittier

School

Dearborn

Apts

Unknown

Continental

Oil

Wells

Motel

C.T.

Grove

House

R.

Hutton

House

R.

Hutton

House

E.V.

Rubottom

House

Apartments

Neo

Colonial

Prairie

Comm.

Prairie

Comm

Modern

Moderne

Prairie

Comm

Ranch

Prairie

Comm.

Craftsman

Vernacular

Prairie

Comm

Eng

Tuddr

Rev

Col

Rev

Vernacular

/Stick

Prairie

Comm

Prairie

Comm.

Q.

A.

/Col.

Rev.

Art

Deco

Bungalow

Art

Deco

Prairie

Comm

Bungalow

Col.

Rev.

Remodeled

Moderne

Vernacular

Bungalow

Prairie

Comm

1988

1929

1927

1970

1962

1927

1947

1920

1925

ca

1935

1890

1912

1911

1907

pre

1920

1899

1936

recent

1915

1913

1916

1917

ca

1920

1917

recent

1939

1929

ca

1914

1926

1949

1899

1909

1914

ca

1920

non

Cont

Primary

non

Cont

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

Primary

non

Cont

Primary

Cont

non

Cont

NFS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

9

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

1

Furdell,

William

J.

and

Elizabeth.

Great

Falls;

A

Pictorial

History

.

Norfolk,

Va.;

Donning

Co.,

1984.

A

Glimpse

at

the

Past,

Great

Falls;

copy

available

at

Cascade

County Historical

Society,

n.d.

Great

Falls

Tribune,

various

articles,

1908-1929.

Maxwell,

Arthur

B.,

Great

Falls

Yesterday,

Works Progress

Administration,

1939.

Portraits

of

Progress,

Great

Falls,

Montana's Diamond

Jubilee.

Great

Falls;

Diamond

Jubilee

Inc., 1959.

Progressive

Men

of

Montana,

Chicago;

A.W.

Bowen

and

Co., n.d.

Quivik,

Frederic,

"Great

Falls

Smelter:

Some

Reflections

of Its

Significance."

Presented

at

Montana

History

Conference,

Great

Falls,

October

Rising

Falls,

vol.

2,

Great

Falls;

Chamber

of

Commerce,

Yuill,

E'lan

R.,

A

Centennial

Celebration,

Great

Falls;

1982.

March

10,

1928.

Yuill,

1984.

Zion,

Candi,

"A

History

of

Great

Falls,

Montana

Chamber

of

Commerce,

1884-1984,"

Honors

Thesis,

Arizona

State

University,

1987.

Copy

at

Cascade

County

Historical

Society,

Great

Falls.

NFS

Form

10-900-a

OMB

Approval

No.

1024-0018

(8-86)

United

States

Department

of

the

Interior

National

Park

Service

NATIONAL

REGISTER

OF

HISTORIC

PLACES

CONTINUATION

SHEET

Section

number

10

Great

Falls

Northside

Residential

Historic

District

Page

1

Verbal

Boundary

Description

(continued):

A

detailed

description

of

the

southern

boundary

follows:

Beginning

at

the

intersection

of

Park

Ave.

and

the

alley

between

and

2nd

and 3rd

Avenues

North,

the

boundary

runs

east

along

the

alley

to

the

western

edge

of lot

7

of

block

250

(Original

Townsite);

then

south

along

this

lot

line

to

the

middle

of

the

lot;

east to

2nd

St.

North;

north

to

the

alley

between

2nd

and

3rd

Avenues

North

again;

along

this

alley

to

4th

St.

North;

south

to

2nd

Ave.

North;

east to

5th

St.

North;

south

to

the

alley

between

1st

and

2nd

Avenues

North;

east

along

the

alley

to

6th

St.

North;

north

to

the

alley

between

2nd

and

3rd

Avenues

North;

east

along

the

alley

to

7th

St.

North;

south

to

2nd

Ave.

North;

west

to

the

western

edge

of

lot

7

of

block

306

(Original

Townsite);

south

along

this

lot

line

to

the

center

of

the

lot;

east

to

7th

St.

North;

south

to

the

alley

between

1st

and

2nd

Avenues

North;

east

along

this

alley

to

the

eastern

edge

of

lot

2

of

block

304

(Original

Townsite);

north

along

the

lot

line

to

2nd

Ave.

North;

west

to

8th

St.

North;

north

to

the

alley

between

2nd

and

3rd

Avenues

North;

east

to

9th

St.

North;

south

to

2nd

Ave.

North;

east to

the

eastern boundary

of

the

historic

district,

which

runs

along

10th

St.

North.