Strictly Clinical
—
www.AmericanNurseToday.com September 2010 American Nurse Today 13
ORGANIZERS of nursing con-
ferences depend on nurses
who have created new pro-
grams or are doing research
to submit their work for pres-
entation at conferences.
Through these presentations, nursing knowledge is
disseminated.
If you belong to a professional organization, you’ve
probably received at least one call for abstracts. Arriving
well in advance of the conference date, this is an invita-
tion to submit an abstract for presentation at the confer-
ence. You may have the choice of submitting an abstract
for either an oral (podium) presentation or a poster pres-
entation. Poster presentations can be a good way to get
started presenting your work—and they’re a great oppor-
tunity to get feedback and suggestions from colleagues.
Congrats! Now get started.
It’s exciting to get a letter or e-mail telling you that your
poster proposal has been accepted for
a conference. But don’t waste timing
resting on your laurels. When asked
what they’ve learned about doing
posters, many experienced presenters
say they wish they’d begun their
poster design earlier because the
process took much longer than they
anticipated. So to avoid a time crunch,
start designing your poster shortly af-
ter your abstract is accepted.
Plan the size, content, and layout
Unlike an oral presentation, the
poster itself should do most of the
talking about your project. Good de-
sign matters. It allows you to tell the
“story” of your work more effectively.
Begin by carefully reviewing the
poster guidelines for the conference.
These guidelines specify what size the
poster should be and how it will be
displayed—tabletop, corkboard, or
easel. Poster size affects how much in-
formation you can put on the poster.
Allowable poster sizes for con-
ferences vary widely.
Poster content should close-
ly follow the format of the ab-
stract you submitted. But keep
in mind that a poster is not an
abstract. With a poster, your goal is to tell a clear, sim-
ple story of your work. If your poster topic is a project
or an organizational innovation, see Sample conference
poster for ideas on what content to put where.
In contrast, a poster that presents research findings
should include:
• background and significance of the study
• aims of the study
• methods
• results
• discussion and implications.
Many healthcare organizations and universities
have graphic design resources available to assist with
poster design. Some organizations even ask presen-
Strictly Clinical
—
How to create an effective
poster presentation
By Rose O. Sherman, EdD, RN, NEA
Presenting your project at a
conference? Here’s advice that
can make your poster more
effective and eye-catching.
Sample conference poster
If your poster is for a project or an organizational innovation, you might want to place
the various content categories as shown in the sample below.
14 American Nurse Today Volume 5, Number 9 www.AmericanNurseToday.com
ters to use a specific template. Today many posters
a
re designed with Microsoft PowerPoint templates,
but you can also lay out the sections of your poster
on a large piece of poster board (available at art sup-
ply or office supply stores) before finalizing it. Or
you might consider using an Internet vendor (such as
www.makesigns.com). Many vendors not only guide
you through poster design but also can print and
ship your poster.
Use a “less is more” design
The maxim “less is more” is good advice to follow for
a poster. Although you may be tempted to include
every detail of your project or research, you won’t
have enough space to do this. What’s more, you
shouldn’t do this; it would make your poster too busy.
Here are some design tips to follow:
• Leave adequate white space. Some empty space is
critical to readability and legibility. Without it, the
reader has no visual pauses.
• Convey your message clearly. The poster should
capture the attention of attendees and convey at
least one significant idea they’ll remember. Most
people spend 3 to 5 minutes viewing a poster,
so use plain, descriptive language that leaves no
doubt what your poster is about. Generally, posters
are read from left to right; organize the content
with this in mind. When possible, lead the viewer
through the logical flow using bold take-home
points or arrows.
• Use a visual image. People retain visual images
longer than the written word, so aim for at least one
visual image—a photograph, an illustration, a graph.
•
Make it readable. Design the poster so it can be
read from a distance of 4' to 6'. To accomplish this,
lettering has to be at least 1" high. The title should
be readable from 15' to 20' away, with letters 2" to
3" high. Try to have high contrast between the back-
ground and text. Generally, a lighter background
with darker text is easier to read.
• Pick fonts carefully. Arial and Tahoma are examples
of nonserif fonts that work well for poster titles. Serif
fonts, such as Times New Roman and Courier, are
easier to read at smaller sizes and work well for
body text. Having too many font types on a poster
can be distracting, so use at most two to three fonts,
with bold or italics for emphasis only. Avoid all up-
percase letters (capitals) in your poster, as this
makes material harder to read.
• Use color sparingly. Although most presenters want
colorful posters, color must be incorporated careful-
ly. Blue and green are popular because they’re con-
sidered calming.
•Ask colleagues for help. If this
is your first time designing a
poster, ask an experienced col-
league for help. Before the
poster is printed, have col-
leagues familiar with your sub-
ject area review it for clarity and
possible errors. Proofread the
poster carefully before you
transport it to the conference.
Transporting and setting up
your poster
Posters can be delivered to the
conference site by overnight
services, such as FedEx or UPS,
but many presenters prefer to
hand-carry them in poster can-
isters or portfolios. Normally,
posters are set up just before
the conference begins. You
should receive advance guide-
lines from conference organizers telling you how to
set up your poster. If the poster will be attached to
corkboard, find out if you’re expected to bring the re-
quired materials (usually pushpins or Velcro strips) to
adhere it.
Most professional meeting agendas set aside specific
times for poster presentations. Many organizations offer
continuing education credit for poster session atten-
dance. Be aware that if your poster is accepted at a
conference, a presenter familiar with the project or re-
search is expected to be available during poster ses-
sions to answer questions.
P
resenting a poster is a
chance to learn from
attende es about aspects of
your work th at particu la rl y
resonat e with your aud ie nc e.
www.AmericanNurseToday.com
A networking opportunity
P
oster presentations are excellent opportunities not
just to showcase your work but also to network with
colleagues who have similar interests. Effective pre-
senters introduce themselves to attendees and “walk”
them through their poster, often adding information
that they think will interest them. Some attendees
may want to take the information back to their or-
ganizations, so consider having handouts available
to distribute at the conference. Also, bring your busi-
ness cards or written contact information to give to
participants.
From poster to ar ticle?
Interest in your poster by conference attendees may in-
spire you to take the next step—turning it into an arti-
cle. Often, journal editors attend specialty conferences
and visit poster exhibits. This can be a good opportu-
nity to query them about their journals’ potential inter-
est in your topic.
Presenting a poster is a chance to learn from at-
tendees about aspects of your work that particularly
resonate with your audience. This can give you a
better idea of how to present your work in a journal
article to ensure it’s informative and interesting
and provides clear implications for the nursing pro-
fession.
Poster sessions have become an important part of
most professional conferences and are an excellent
way for presenters to share their work. Enjoy the expe-
rience of proudly standing next to your poster and dis-
cussing your work with interested colleagues. ✯
Selected references
Blakesley D, Brizee A. Designing research posters. Purdue University
Writing Lab. 2008. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/
20080626013023_727.pdf. Accessed July 20, 2010.
Briggs DJ. A practical guide to designing posters for presentation.
Nurs Stand. 2009;23(34):35-39.
Halligan P. Poster presentations: valuing all forms of evidence. Nurse
Educ Pract. 2008;8:41-45.
Keely BR. Planning and creating effective scientific posters. J Contin
Educ Nurs. 2004;35(4):182-185.
Moore LW, Augspurger P, King MO, Proffitt C. Insights on the poster
presentation and presentation process. Appl Nurs Res. 2001;14(2):
100-104.
Sherman RO. Writing abstracts for podium and poster presentations.
In: Saver C. ed. Anatomy of Writing for Publication for Nurses. Indi-
anapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International; 2011.
University of Buffalo Libraries. Poster presentations: designing effec-
tive posters. http://library.buffalo.edu/asl/guides/bio/posters.html.
Accessed July 20, 2010.
Rose O. Sherman is director of the Nursing Leadership Institute and associate
professor of nursing at the Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing at Florida Atlantic
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