eds. The Developmental Psychopathology of Eating Disorders.
Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 1996:207–234.
101. Thelen M, Powell A, Lawrence C, Kuhnert M. Eating and body image
concerns among children. J Clin Child Psychol. 1992;21(1):41–46.
102. Patrick L. Eating disorders: a review of the literature with emphasis
on medical complications and clinical nutrition. Altern Med Rev.
2002;7(3):184–202.
103. Bulik CM, Sullivan PF, Fear J, Pickering A. Predictors of the
development of bulimia nervosa in women with anorexia nervosa.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1997;185(11):704–707.
104. Fairburn CG, Hay PJ, Welch SL. Binge eating and bulima nervosa:
distribution and determinants. In: Fairburn CG, Wilson GT, eds.
Binge Eating: Nature, Assessment, and Treatment. New York:
Guilford; 1993:123–143.
105. Hoek HW. The distribution of eating disorders. In: Brownell KD,
Fairburn CG, eds. Eating Disorders and Obesity: A Comprehensive
Handbook. New York, NY: Guilford; 1995:207–211.
106. Lucas AR, Beard CM, O’Fallon WM, Kurland LT. 50-Year trends
in the incidence of anorexia nervosa in Rochester, Minn.:
a population-based study Am J Psychiatry. 1991;148(7):917–922.
107. Misra M, Aggarwal A, Miller KK, et al. Effects of anorexia nervosa
on clinical, hematologic, biochemical, and bone density parameters
in community-dwelling adolescent girls. Pediatrics. 2004;114(6):
1574–1583.
108. Sudi K, Ottl K, Payerl D, Baumgartl P, Tauschmann K, Muller W.
Anorexia athletica. Nutrition. 2004;20(7–8):657–661.
109. DiGioacchino DeBate R, Wethington H, Sargent R. Sub-clinical
eating disorder characteristics among male and female triathletes.
Eat Weight Disord. 2002;7(3):210–220.
110. Smith NJ. Excessive weight loss and food aversion in athletes
simulating anorexia nervosa. Pediatrics. 1980;66(1):139–142.
111. Sundgot-Borgen J. Prevalence of eating disorders in elite female
athletes. Int J Sport Nutr. 1993;3(1):29–40.
112. Rumball JS, Lebrun CM. Preparticipation physical examination:
selected issues for the female athlete. Clin J Sport Med. 2004;14(3):
153–160.
113. Johnson MD. Disordered eating in active and athletic women. Clin
Sports Med. 1994;13(2):355–369.
114. Fulkerson JA, Keel PK, Leon GR, Dorr T. Eating-disordered
behaviors and personality characteristics of high school athletes and
nonathletes. Int J Eat Disord. 1999;26(1):73–79.
115. Hopkinson RA, Lock J. Athletics, perfectionism, and disordered
eating. Eat Weight Disord. 2004;9(2):99–106.
116. Maron BJ, Pelliccia A. The heart of trained athletes: cardiac
remodeling and the risks of sports, including sudden death.
Circulation. 2006;114(15):1633–1644.
117. Hadigan CM, Anderson EJ, Miller KK, et al. Assessment of
macronutrient and micronutrient intake in women with anorexia
nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2000;28(3):284–292.
118. Sullivan P. Course and outcome of anorexia nervosa and bulimia
nervosa. In: Fairburn CG, Brownell KD, eds. Eating Disorders and
Obesity. New York, NY: Guilford; 2002:226–232.
119. Sullivan PF. Mortality in anorexia nervosa. Am J Psychiatry.
1995;152(7):1073–1074.
120. Garcia-Rubira JC, Hidalgo R, Gomez-Barrado JJ, Romero D, Cruz
Fernandez JM. Anorexia nervosa and myocardial infarction.
Int J Cardiol. 1994;45(2):138–140.
121. Isner JM, Roberts WC, Heymsfield SB, Yager J. Anorexia nervosa
and sudden death. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102(1):49–52.
122. Joy E. Cardiac concerns. In: Ireland ML, Nattiv A, eds. The Female
Athlete. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2002:271–281.
123. Pomeroy C, Mitchell J. Medial issues in eating disorders. In: Brownell
K, Rodin J, Wilmore JH, eds. Eating, Body Weight, and Performance
in Athletes. Philadelphia, PA: Lea & Febiger; 1992:202–221.
124. de Simone G, Scalfi L, Galderisi M, et al. Cardiac abnormalities in
young women with anorexia nervosa. Br Heart J. 1994;71(3):287–292.
125. Kreipe RE, Harris JP. Myocardial impairment resulting from eating
disorders. Pediatr Ann. 1992;21(11):760–768.
126. Harris RT. Bulimarexia and related serious eating disorders with
medical complications. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99(6):800–807.
127. Cooke RA, Chambers JB, Singh R, et al. QT interval in anorexia
nervosa. Br Heart J. 1994;72(1):69–73.
128. Galetta F, Franzoni F, Cupisti A, Belliti D, Prattichizzo F, Rolla M.
QT interval dispersion in young women with anorexia nervosa.
J Pediatr. 2002;140(4):456–460.
129. Rich BS, Havens SA. The athletic heart syndrome. Curr Sports Med
Rep. 2004;3(2):84–88.
130. Abdulla A. The athletic heart syndrome: when, why and how?
Perspect Cardiol. 2005;22(10):29–31.
131. Bjornstad H, Storstein L, Dyre Meen H, Hals O. Electrocardio-
graphic findings according to level of fitness and sport activity.
Cardiology. 1993;83(1):268–279.
132. Apgar B. Diagnosis and management of amenorrhea. Clin Fam
Pract. 2002;4(3):643.
133. Otis CL. Exercise-associated amenorrhea. Clin Sports Med. 1992;
11(2):351–362.
134. Shangold M, Rebar RW, Wentz AC, Schiff I. Evaluation and
management of menstrual dysfunction in athletes. JAMA. 1990;
263(12):1665–1669.
135. Drinkwater BL, Nilson K, Chesnut CH III, Bremner WJ, Shainholtz
S, Southworth MB. Bone mineral content of amenorrheic and
eumenorrheic athletes. N Engl J Med. 1984;311(5):277–281.
136. Lindberg JS, Fears WB, Hunt MM, Powell MR, Boll D, Wade CE.
Exercise-induced amenorrhea and bone density. Ann Intern Med.
1984;101(5):647–648.
137. Marcus R, Cann C, Madvig P, et al. Menstrual function and bone
mass in elite women distance runners: endocrine and metabolic
features. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102(2):158–163.
138. Nattiv A. Stress fractures and bone health in track and field athletes.
J Sci Med Sport. 2000;3(3):268–279.
139. Nattiv A, Puffer JC, Casper J, et al. Stress fracture risk factors,
incidence and distribution: a 3-year prospective study in collegiate
runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(suppl 5):S347.
140. Cullen D, Becker R, Thompson K, Ahif R. Calcium and vitamin D
supplements reduce stress fractures in Navy recruits. Paper
presented at: 53rd Annual Orthopaedic Research Society meeting;
February 11, 2007; San Diego, CA.
141. Fisher M, Golden NH, Katzman DK, et al. Eating disorders in
adolescents: a background paper. J Adolesc Health. 1995;16(6):420–437.
142. Sansone RA, Sansone LA. Bulimia nervosa: medical complications.
In: Alexander-Mott L, Lumsden DB, eds. Understanding Eating
Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Obesity.
Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis; 1994:181–201.
143. Fairburn CG. Overcoming Binge Eating. New York, NY: Guilford;
1995:48–52.
144. Mcgilley BM, Pryor TL. Assessment and treatment of bulimia
nervosa. Am Fam Physician. 1998;57(11):2743–2750.
145. Otis C, Goldingay R. Campus Health Guide: The College Student’s
Handbook for Healthy Living. New York, NY: College Board; 1989.
146. Rodriguez-Tome H, Bariaud F, Zardi MF, Delmas C, Jeanvoine B,
Szylagyi P. The effects of pubertal changes on body image and
relations with peers of the opposite sex in adolescence. J Adolesc.
1993;16(4):421–438.
147. Stice E. Risk and maintenance factors for eating pathology: a meta-
analytic review. Psychol Bull. 2002;128(5):825–848.
148. Yates A. Biologic considerations in the etiology of eating disorders.
Pediatr Ann. 1992;21(11):739–744.
149. Furnham A, Badmin N, Sneade I. Body image dissatisfaction:
gender differences in eating attitudes, self-esteem, and reasons for
exercise. J Psychol. 2002;136(6):581–596.
150. Presnell K, Bearman SK, Stice E. Risk factors for body dissatisfac-
tion in adolescent boys and girls: a prospective study. Int J Eat
Disord. 2004;36(4):389–401.
151. Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A. Development and validation of
brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988;54(6):1063–1070.
Journal of Athletic Training 105