Final
October 2020
UNITED
NATIONS
ECONOMIC
COMMISSION
FOR
EUROPE
UNITED NATIONS CENTRE FOR TRADE FACILITATION
AND
ELECTRONIC BUSINESS (UN/CEFACT)
BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION
(BRS)
INTERNATIONAL FORWARDING AND TRANSPORT MESSAGES
WAYBILL
FINAL AFTER PUBLIC REVIEW
Approved: UN/CEFACT Bureau on 19 October 2020
Version: 1.0
2
Table of Contents
Document History ................................................................................................ 2
Change Log ......................................................................................................... 2
1.0 Preamble ....................................................................................................... 3
2.0 References ..................................................................................................... 4
3.0 Objective ....................................................................................................... 4
4.0 Scope ............................................................................................................ 5
4.1 Description ................................................................................................. 5
4.2 Context ...................................................................................................... 5
5.0 Business Requirements Elaboration ................................................................. 5
5.1 Business Requirements List .......................................................................... 5
5.2 Definition of Business Terms ........................................................................ 6
5.3 Business Requirements View ........................................................................ 7
5.3.1 Overall Business Use Case, Partner View and Conceptual Model ............... 7
5.3.2 Prepare Waybill (A1) .............................................................................. 9
5.3.2 Issue Waybill (A2) ............................................................................... 10
5.3.2 Transfer of Title (A3) ........................................................................... 11
Figure 11: Business Process Worksheet – Transfer of Title
............................. 11
5.3.2 Release Goods (A4) ............................................................................. 12
5.4 Business Choreography View ..................................................................... 13
5.4.1 Business Transaction View – Transactions and Authorized Roles ............ 13
Document History
Phase
Status
Date Last Modified
Draft development
Initial
12-JUL 2020
Figure 1: Waybill Document History
Change Log
Date of Change Version Summary of Changes
July 2020
0.1
Initial Creation
July 2020 0.2 Following Internal review on call, updating the
document to use the BRS template for T&L and to
3
Date of Change Version Summary of Changes
circulate on Cue. Merge Final comments for Public
Review.
Figure 2: Document Change Log
1.0 Preamble
The Waybill is the evidence of a contract between the Transport Service Buyer and
the Transport Service Provider, it is usually issued on collection or receipt by the
Transport Service Provider. The waybill is used as a document of title and to show
who has the right of ownership of the goods being transported.
Waybill Type(s) and Potential Role(s)
Transport Service
Provider
Main Carrier
(Seller), Final Consignee
Main Carrier
(Seller), Final Consignee
(Buyer), Freight
Freight Forwarder, Main
Carrier
(Seller), Final Consignee
Freight Forwarder,
NVOCC
The waybill is a common term covering various terms used in different modes of
transport, for example;
• Bill of Lading, Ocean Bill of Lading, or Sea Waybill is used in Sea freight
• Air Waybill or eAWB is used in Airfreight
• Consignment Note (CMR or eCMR) is used in Road
• Rail Transport Document CIM and SGMS are used in Rail
Waybills are Negotiable or Non-Negotiable.
Negotiable waybill is used as a document of title, used to transfer ownership of the
goods from one party to another such as Consignor and Consignee, these bills of
lading would typically drawn “To Order” of the Consignee.
4
Non-Negotiable waybill does not permit title to be transferred from one party to
another. The release of cargo at destination is only to the named Consignee in
exchange for an original bill of lading.
2.0 References
• UN/CEFACT Multi Modal Transport Reference Data Model (UN/CEFACT –
SHIP/MMT-RDM)
• UN/CEFACT Buy-Ship-Pay Reference Data Model BSP-RDM Version 1.0 (2019)
• International Forwarding and Transport Version 1.0 BRS of (2008)
• UN/EDIFACT messages (IFTMCS)
• ITIGG Global Guidelines for the IFTM** P&R messages
• Blockchain in Trade Facilitation: Sectoral challenges and examples (2019)
3.0 Objective
The objective of this document is to outline the implementation of the Waybill in the
transport movement between the Transport Service Buyer and Transport Service
Provider and the Consignee for the purpose of transporting and releasing the goods.
The exchange of data in a standardized format reduces the integration effort
between parties and ensures that the necessary data is placed into the relevant
section on a waybill without misinterpretation and is presented in the exact way to
adhere to any local, financial, regulatory or business requirement without
modification or re-entry.
The data structures should support the exchange of an electronic waybill for the
release of goods.
This BRS is a subset of the International Forwarding and Transport BRS (2020)
5
4.0 Scope
4.1 Description
This BRS aims to develop subsets of the MMT RDM which are aligned to the global
guidelines for the UN/EDIFACT IFTMCA message structure, supporting digitalization
in Transport and Logistics whilst remaining data exchange syntax agnostic.
4.2 Context
Context Category
Description
Business Process
Buy-Ship-Pay / Logistics / Transport / Waybill
Product Classification
All
Industry Classification
All
Geopolitical
Global
Official Constraints
None
Business Process Role
Transport Service Buyer and Transport Service Provider
Supporting Role
Consignee, Consignor, Notify Party, Carrier, Freight
Forwarder, Bank, Financial Service Provider
System Capabilities
No Limitations
Figure 3: Context Categories for Waybill
5.0 Business Requirements Elaboration
5.1 Business Requirements List
Providing an electronic waybill to be used in exchange of title in the case of a
negotiable waybill, or for the release of cargo to a nominated consignee in the case
of a non-negotiable waybill.
A waybill would usually follow from a shipping instruction and during the preparation
of the waybill there may be several amendments required. In the case of a Letter of
Credit the requestor will need to provide literals or more detailed values for
commodity details, party names and addresses and location spellings to adhere to
the Letter of Credit
This document describes the following typical scenario of preparing a waybill from a
shipping instruction provided from the Transport Service Buyer to the Transport
Service Provider. It is also recognised that in some modes of transport the shipping
instructions are not always provided, and the preparation of the waybill can be from
other documentation.
6
Number Business Requirement Statement
Business Transaction
Name
A.1
Prepare draft waybill for approval by the
Transport Service Buyer
Prepare Waybill
A.2
Issuing of the Waybill, evidencing the
transport contract between the Transport
Service Buyer and the Transport Service
Provider
Issue Waybill
A.3
The transfer of title of the goods from one
party to another in a negotiable waybill
Transfer of Title
A.4
The release of goods to the consignee
completing the transport contract
Release Goods
Figure 4: Business Requirement List
Number
Data Requirement Statement
B1
The Waybill should provide interoperability with the UN/CEFACT Multi-Modal
Transport Reference Data Model (MMT RDM)
Figure 5: Data Requirement Statement Template
5.2 Definition of Business Terms
The main terms are defined in the MMT RDM apply and the Waybill is fully compliant
with all of these definitions.
The Waybill refers to the following additional terms:
Term
Definition
Transport Service Buyer
(Consignor or Forwarder)
The buyer of transport services as stipulated in a Transport
Service Contract.
Transport Service Provider
(Carrier or Forwarder)
The provider i.e. seller of transport services as stipulated in
a Transport Service Contract.
Freight Forwarder
The party undertaking the forwarding of goods by provision
of transport, logistics, associated formalities services etc.
NVOCC
Non Vessel Operating Common Carrier
Consignment
A consignment is a separately identifiable collection of
Consignment Items (available to be) transported from one
Consignor to one Consignee via one or more modes of
transport as specified in one single transport service
contractual document.
Shipment
A shipment is an identifiable collection of one or more Trade
Items (available to be) transported together from the Seller
7
Term
Definition
(Original Consignor/Shipper), to the Buyer (Final/Ultimate
Consignee).
Means of Transport
Particular aircraft, vehicle, vessel or other device used
for the transport of goods or persons.
Finance Service Providers
A provider of finance in a supply chain such as a Bank
Figure 6: Definition of Terms
5.3 Business Requirements View
5.3.1 Overall Business Use Case, Partner View and Conceptual Model
The waybill is issued by the Transport Service Provider and agreed by the Transport
Service Buyer, it may be subject to a number of amendments before it is accepted
by the Transport Service Buyer.
Figure 7: Overall Process Use Case Diagram
The following diagram describes the relationships between the highest-level
Business Information Entities which are reused across the UN/CEFACT Buy/Ship/Pay,
SCRDM and MMT Reference Data Models.
The waybill utilises some of these entities and relationships in the model.
8
Figure 8a: MMT High Level Entity Model
Figure 8b refer to the canonical data model, further details of which can be found in
the MMT library publication.
Figure 8b: Canonical Data Model - Waybill
class Canonical Data Model
Consignment
Consignment
Consignment
Item
Transport
Equipment
Transport
Means
Logistics
Package
Transport
Movement
Shipping Marks
Location
Party Country Delivery Terms Dangerous
goods
Line Item
Transport
Service
Exchanged
Document
Context
Exchanged
Document
Shipment /
Delivery
Waybill
Product
Transaction
9
5.3.2 Prepare Waybill (A1)
Figure 9: Business Process Worksheet – Waybill Production
A.1 Prepare Waybill
General
Name
Prepare Waybill
Description
Prepare draft waybill for approval by the Transport
Service Buyer
Details
Classified to Business Areas
and Process Areas
Business Area: Multi-Modal Transport
Process Area: Ship
Participants and their
interests
Transport Service Buyer, Transport Service Provider
Stakeholders and their
interests
Carrier, Freight Forwarder, Consignor
Reference(s)
Start / End Characteristics
Pre-condition
● The Transport Service Buyer has a consignment
to be transported and knows the mode of
transport and the type of means of transport
required for its transportation.
● The consignment may be loaded into one or
more specific pieces of transport equipment.
● The Transport Service Provider has received an
instruction to prepare a waybill
Post-condition
The Transport Service Provider has:
● Validated the shipping instruction data
● Produced a draft waybill for approval by the
Transport Service Buyer
Begins When
The Transport Service Buyer sends a Shipping
Instruction to the Transport Service Provider
Ends When
The Transport Service Provider returns a draft waybill
to the Transport Service Buyer.
Exceptions
The Transport Service Provider requires further
Information to produce a draft waybill
Relationships
Included Business Processes
Affected Business Processes
10
5.3.2 Issue Waybill (A2)
Figure 10: Business Process Worksheet – Issue Waybill
A.2 Issue Waybill
General
Name
Issue Waybill
Description
Issuing of the Waybill, evidencing the transport
contract between the Transport Service Buyer and the
Transport Service Provider
Details
Classified to Business Areas
and Process Areas
Business Area: Multi-Modal Transport
Process Area: Ship
Participants and their
interests
Transport Service Buyer, Transport Service Provider
Stakeholders and their
interests
Carrier, Freight Forwarder, Consignor
Reference(s)
Start / End Characteristics
Pre-condition
The Transport Service Buyer has received a draft
waybill
Post-condition
The Transport Service Buyer accepts the draft waybill
as being acceptable to meet any financial, regulatory or
business requirements.
Begins When
The Transport Service Buyer confirms acceptance
Ends When
The Transport Service Provider returns an approved
waybill to the Transport Service Buyer.
Exceptions
The Transport Service Buyer requires amendments
before the waybill can be approved and issued.
Relationships
Included Business Processes
Shipping Instruction
Affected Business Processes
11
5.3.2 Transfer of Title (A3)
A.3 Transfer of Title
General
Name
Transfer of Title
Description
The transfer of title of the goods from one party to
another in a negotiable waybill
Details
Classified to Business Areas and
Process Areas
Business Area: Multi-Modal Transport
Process Area: Ship
Participants and their interests
Transport Service Buyer, Transport Service Provider
Stakeholders and their interests
Carrier, Freight Forwarder, Original Consignee,
Consignee, Bank
Reference(s)
Start / End Characteristics
Pre-condition
• The Transport Service Provider has issued a
negotiable waybill
• The Transport Movement is underway
•
Waybill must be “To Order” of the Consignee
Post-condition
The Original Consignee endorses the waybill and
transfers ownership and title to the new Consignee
Begins When
The Original Consignee agrees to transfer title
Ends When
The Original Consignee has endorsed the waybill
Exceptions
Relationships
Included Business Processes
Affected Business Processes
Figure 11: Business Process Worksheet – Transfer of Title
12
5.3.2 Release Goods (A4)
A.4 Release of Goods
General
Name
Release of Goods
Description
The release of goods to the consignee completing the
transport contract
Details
Classified to Business Areas
and Process Areas
Business Area: Multi-Modal Transport
Process Area: Ship
Participants and their
interests
Consignee, Transport Service Provider
Stakeholders and their
interests
Carrier, Freight Forwarder, Transport Service Buyer,
Bank, Consignee
Reference(s)
Start / End Characteristics
Pre-condition
• The Transport Service Provider has issued an
approved waybill
• The consignment has arrived at the contractual
place of discharge
• Payments due have been made as per the
transport contract
Post-condition
The Transport Service Provider releases the
consignment to the Consignee or nominated party
Begins When
The Consignee presents the waybill
Ends When
The Transport Service Provider releases the
consignment in exchange for the waybill
Exceptions
Commercial agreements such as payment or bank
approval have not been made and the consignment and
waybill held to ensure completion before release
Relationships
Included Business Processes
Affected Business Processes
Figure 12: Business Process Worksheet – Release Goods
13
5.4 Business Choreography View
5.4.1 Business Transaction View – Transactions and Authorized Roles
This document covers the intended use of the waybill, to provide clear and
structured data that can be used to support the exchange of electronic waybill data
between two parties to transfer title, ownership or support the settlement of
financial terms.
Business Transaction Worksheet
General
Name
Waybill
Description
The Transport Service Provider issues a waybill to be
surrendered in exchange for release of the goods
Details
Requesting Role
Consignee
Responding Role
Transport Service Provider
Requesting Activity
Release Goods
Responding Activity
Goods Released
Is Included in (Name of
Business Collaboration)
Transport Contract between Transport Service Buyer and
Transport Service Provider
Start / End Characteristics
Affected Business Entities
Waybill
Pre-condition
Payment received for Transport Movement
Post-condition
Goods Released
Begins When
Waybill is presented
Ends When
Goods are released
Exceptions
Business Transaction Activity Details
Business Transaction Pattern
Commercial Transaction
Requestor’s Side
Requesting Role
Transport Service Buyer or Consignor
Requesting Business Action
Name
Release Goods
14
Business Transaction Worksheet
Requesting Information
Envelope Name
Waybill
Responder’s Side
Responding Role
Transport Service Provider
Responding Business Action
Release Goods
Responding Information
Envelope Name
Waybill
Figure 13: Business Transaction Use Case Worksheet
This is described in the following activity diagram:
Figure 14: Business Transaction Activity Diagram